O'Fallon

Researchers are evaluating the safety and effectiveness of the Vagus Nerve Stimulation VNS Therapy System as an additional treatment for people with treatment-resistant depression. This prospective, multi-center, randomized, controlled, and blinded trial compares active VNS therapy to a no stimulation control group in reducing depressive symptoms over 12 months. The study follows guidelines aligned with Medicare and Medicaid coverage decisions for VNS in this condition. Participants receive an implant of the VNS device and are randomized at least two weeks after implantation to either have the device activated or remain without stimulation for the first 12 months. After this initial period, those in the control group can begin stimulation. Following the 12-month randomized phase, all participants enter an open-label, longitudinal study lasting about five years, including new enrollees after the initial trial phase. During the study, participants are monitored through various depression rating scales, including the Montgomery sberg Depression Rating Scale MADRS, to assess response and remission rates up to 12 months. Safety is tracked by recording adverse events from implantation through the first year. Additional assessments include disability and health outcome scales, as well as suicidality tracking. The study aims to gather long-term data on treatment effects and participant well-being.

Researchers are evaluating the effects of azetukalner in adults diagnosed with bipolar I or II disorder who are currently experiencing a depressive episode, also known as bipolar depression. This Phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of azetukalner in this population. Participants must have had their first major depressive episode before age 50 and meet specific diagnostic criteria confirmed by clinical interview. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either azetukalner 20 mg or a placebo orally once daily with food, preferably with the evening meal, for six weeks. The study has two groups one receiving the experimental drug and one receiving a placebo, both taken over the same period. The study is designed to keep participants and researchers unaware of the group assignments to ensure unbiased results. Throughout the trial, participants will be evaluated using various measures, including changes in depression severity assessed by the Montgomery-sberg Depression Rating Scale MADRS at baseline and at week 6, along with other scales at different time points. Safety and response will be monitored regularly during the six-week treatment period. The entire participation period is focused on this treatment phase, with assessments conducted to measure changes in symptoms and overall condition.

Researchers are evaluating azetukalner as a treatment for adults diagnosed with moderate-to-severe Major Depressive Disorder MDD. This Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study aims to assess the clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerability of azetukalner when taken alone. The study involves participants aged 18 to 74 who have experienced their first major depressive episode before age 50. Participants receive either azetukalner 20 mg or a placebo orally once a day with food, preferably with the evening meal, for a total of 6 weeks. The study includes two groups one taking azetukalner and the other taking placebo, both under blinded conditions to ensure unbiased results. During the study, participants will be regularly monitored through clinical evaluations, including changes in depression severity scores such as the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale HAMD-17 and other scales measuring pleasure and clinical global impression. Safety and tolerability will be observed from screening through 8 weeks after the final dose. The total study duration includes screening, 6 weeks of treatment, and post-treatment safety follow-up.

Researchers are conducting a Phase III, randomized, open-label multicenter study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of giredestrant compared with fulvestrant. Both drugs are combined with the investigators choice of a CDK46 inhibitor palbociclib, ribociclib, or abemaciclib in participants with estrogen receptor-positive ER, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer who have become resistant to prior adjuvant endocrine therapy. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups one group will receive giredestrant 30 mg orally daily on Days 1-28 of each 28-day cycle, while the other will receive fulvestrant 500 mg intramuscularly on Days 1 and 15 of Cycle 1 and Day 1 of subsequent 28-day cycles. Both groups will also receive a CDK46 inhibitor chosen by the investigator, with dosing schedules depending on the specific inhibitor selected. Preperimenopausal women and men will receive a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone LHRH agonist during treatment. Participants will be assessed for progression-free survival over up to 5 years, with additional measures including overall survival, response rates, duration of response, clinical benefit, and quality of life. Safety will be monitored through adverse event reporting, vital signs, and laboratory tests during treatment and up to 28 days after the last dose. The study is led by Hoffmann-La Roche and aims to provide detailed information on the treatments effects in this patient population.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of NBI-1065845 compared with a placebo as an additional treatment to delay the return of depressive symptoms in people with major depressive disorder MDD. This Phase 3 study focuses on maintaining the treatment effect in participants diagnosed with recurrent moderate or severe MDD or persistent depressive disorder who have not fully responded to oral antidepressants. Participants first receive NBI-1065845 during an open-label treatment period. Then, in a randomized, double-blind phase, participants are assigned to either continue NBI-1065845 or switch to a matching placebo. The study uses oral tablets for both NBI-1065845 and placebo treatments and follows a parallel study model. Throughout the trial, participants will be monitored for relapse of depressive symptoms using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and other assessments. The primary outcome is the time from randomization until relapse or study end, lasting up to approximately 32 months. Participants must continue their antidepressant treatments at the same dose during the study and comply with all procedures and restrictions. Safety and adherence are closely observed by the investigators during the entire study period.

Researchers are evaluating the long-term safety and tolerability of NBI-1065845 as an additional treatment for adults with Major Depressive Disorder MDD. This Phase 3, open-label study focuses on participants who have a primary diagnosis of recurrent moderate or severe MDD or persistent depressive disorder and have had an inadequate response to oral antidepressant treatments in their current depressive episode. Participants will receive NBI-1065845 tablets taken orally once daily as an adjunctive therapy alongside their ongoing antidepressant treatments. The study is designed as a single-group, open-label trial without placebo or comparison groups. The treatment period and follow-up extend over 52 weeks, during which safety and tolerability will be closely monitored. Throughout the study, participants will be assessed for treatment-emergent adverse events TEAEs from baseline through Week 52. Participants must be willing and able to comply with all study procedures and restrictions, including regular visits and evaluations determined by the investigators. The overall study duration allows for comprehensive monitoring of safety outcomes and participant well-being.

Researchers are comparing the rates of surgical and minimally invasive interventions, as well as any harms, in Medicare beneficiaries treated with the MILD procedure versus those treated with interspinous process decompression IPD for lumbar spinal stenosis with neurogenic claudication. This observational study uses Medicare claims data to follow patients for 24 months after their initial procedure starting from January 1, 2017. The purpose is to evaluate outcomes between these two types of procedures without requiring prior patient enrollment or consent. The study includes two groups patients who received MILD, which is a percutaneous image-guided lumbar decompression performed under fluoroscopic guidance through a dorsal approach to the spine, and patients who received IPD, a different device-based decompression procedure. Data on reoperations and complications will be collected for both groups over a 24-month follow-up period using Medicare claims. Enrollment continues until the sponsor decides to stop. Participants involvement is passive as the study uses existing Medicare claims data. Researchers will monitor rates of harms related to the initial procedure and subsequent surgical or minimally invasive interventions over two years. No direct patient visits or interventions are conducted, and the study is exempt from institutional review board oversight. The total study duration extends to December 2026, covering cases treated since early 2017.

Researchers are conducting a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate lumateperone as an additional treatment for adults with Major Depressive Disorder MDD who have not responded well to ongoing antidepressant therapy. The study focuses on patients diagnosed with MDD according to DSM-5 criteria, including those with psychotic features, who have experienced an inadequate response to at least two antidepressant treatments during their current major depressive episode. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either lumateperone 42 mg capsules or matching placebo capsules taken orally once daily for six weeks during the double-blind treatment period. The trial includes three periods a screening period of up to two weeks to assess eligibility, the six-week treatment period, and a one-week safety follow-up period after the last dose to monitor participant safety. During the study, participants will undergo assessments including depression severity ratings using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and the Clinical Global Impression Scale. Researchers will monitor symptoms, treatment adherence, and safety throughout the treatment and follow-up periods. Total participation spans approximately nine weeks, covering screening, treatment, and safety monitoring.

This research aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ABBV-932 when added to antidepressant therapies ADTs in adults with generalized anxiety disorder GAD who have not adequately responded to ADTs alone. The study is a Phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving approximately 315 adult participants across about 50 sites in the United States and Puerto Rico. ABBV-932 is an investigational oral drug developed as an adjunct treatment for GAD. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups two different doses of ABBV-932 added to their prescribed ADTs, or a placebo added to their ADTs. The treatment period lasts for 6 weeks, during which participants will take oral capsules of ABBV-932 or placebo alongside their ongoing antidepressant treatment. Following the treatment, there is a 4-week follow-up period to monitor outcomes and safety. During the study, participants will attend regular visits at hospitals or clinics where medical assessments, blood tests, side effect monitoring, and questionnaires will be conducted to evaluate the treatments impact. The main outcomes measured include the number of adverse events and changes in anxiety levels assessed by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale. Additional assessments include worry questionnaires and depression rating scales. The total participation time is approximately 10 weeks, covering treatment and follow-up.