Washington

Researchers are evaluating the combination of pembrolizumab and sacituzumab govitecan-hziy compared to standard chemotherapy treatments in patients with urothelial cancer that has spread locally or to other parts of the body. This phase III trial aims to assess overall survival, progression-free survival, response rates, clinical benefit, and treatment safety. The study also explores quality of life and fatigue changes during treatment to better understand patient experiences. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group receives standard chemotherapy options such as carboplatin or cisplatin with gemcitabine, or alternatively docetaxel or paclitaxel, given intravenously in cycles every 21 days for up to six cycles. The other group receives pembrolizumab intravenously on day 1 and sacituzumab govitecan-hziy intravenously on days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle, continuing for up to 35 cycles or two years, unless the disease progresses or toxicity occurs. Both groups undergo blood sample collection and imaging scans like CT or MRI throughout the study. During the study, participants will have regular visits for treatment administration, blood tests, and imaging to monitor disease status and treatment effects. Researchers will collect data on survival, tumor response, side effects, and quality of life using questionnaires at multiple time points up to five years from the start of treatment. After finishing treatment, patients are followed up 30 days later and then once a year for five years to track long-term outcomes and safety.

Researchers are evaluating whether adding tucatinib to trastuzumab and mFOLFOX6 works better than the current standard treatments for people with HER2 positive metastatic colorectal cancer. This study focuses on participants whose cancer has spread or cannot be removed by surgery. The trial also monitors side effects that might occur from taking these drug combinations. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group receives tucatinib taken orally twice daily along with trastuzumab given intravenously every three weeks and mFOLFOX6 chemotherapy every two weeks. The other group receives standard care, which includes mFOLFOX6 alone or combined with bevacizumab or cetuximab given by intravenous infusion. The study treatments continue as per the assigned schedule. During the study, participants undergo regular scans and evaluations to measure progression-free survival and other outcomes up to approximately three years. Researchers also assess overall survival, response rates, duration of response, quality of life, and side effects for up to about six years. Safety monitoring continues for around one year after the last treatment. Participants are closely followed to understand the impact of these treatments on their cancer and well-being.

Researchers are evaluating whether adding the immunotherapy drug durvalumab to the usual chemotherapy treatment can improve outcomes for adults with MammaPrint High 2 Risk (MP2) stage II-III hormone receptor positive, HER2 negative breast cancer. This phase III trial compares standard chemotherapy alone to chemotherapy combined with durvalumab. Previous evidence suggests patients with this specific cancer profile may respond better to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, so this study aims to see if durvalumab helps prevent cancer from returning. Participants are first screened with MammaPrint testing on tumor tissue to confirm MP2 status. Those eligible are then randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. One group receives paclitaxel intravenously on days 1 and 8 every 14 days for 6 cycles, followed by doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide every 14 days for 4 cycles. The other group receives the same chemotherapy schedule plus durvalumab intravenously during specific cycles. Mammography is done during screening, and optional tumor tissue and blood samples are collected throughout the study. During the trial, participants undergo regular assessments including mammograms, tissue biopsies, and blood tests to monitor response and safety. Researchers measure event-free survival, pathologic complete response, residual cancer burden, distant relapse-free survival, and overall survival for up to 10 years after treatment. Quality of life is also evaluated through questionnaires during and after treatment. Participants are followed long-term to track outcomes and side effects.

Researchers are investigating treatments for patients with stage IV or recurring non-small cell lung cancer who have previously received platinum chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This phase II/III trial compares the effects of adding cemiplimab, an immune system-stimulating monoclonal antibody, to the usual combination of docetaxel and ramucirumab. The goal is to see if adding cemiplimab helps the immune system better attack tumor cells and improves survival outcomes. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group receives docetaxel and ramucirumab along with dexamethasone, while the other group receives these same treatments plus cemiplimab. Treatments are given in cycles every 21 days, with infusions lasting from 30 minutes to an hour depending on the drug. Patients undergo regular blood sample collections and imaging scans such as CT or MRI throughout the study. During the trial, participants are monitored for overall survival, disease progression, tumor response, and side effects. After completing treatment, follow-up visits occur every 3 to 6 months for up to 3 years. Blood tests and imaging help assess treatment effects and safety. Researchers also collect and store blood and tissue samples to support future studies.

Researchers are evaluating treatment options for patients with nasal and paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma that can be surgically removed. This phase II randomized trial compares chemotherapy given before surgery and radiation therapy to surgery and radiation therapy alone. The study aims to see if giving chemotherapy first can shrink tumors and help preserve important nearby structures like the skull base and orbit, while also looking at overall survival and progression-free survival. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group has surgery followed by radiation therapy, with additional chemotherapy if certain risk factors are found after surgery. The other group receives chemotherapy first, then surgery, followed by radiation therapy with possible additional chemotherapy. Chemotherapy drugs studied include docetaxel, cisplatin, and carboplatin, all given through intravenous infusions. Radiation therapy is delivered using image-guided intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) daily for several weeks. During the study, participants undergo scans like MRI and PET/CT to assess tumor response and help predict outcomes. They are monitored regularly for side effects and treatment effects, with follow-up visits every three months for up to two years and then every six months up to five years. Researchers also collect data on tobacco use and its impact on treatment outcomes. The main outcomes measured are the rate of preserving the skull base and orbit and overall survival over five years.

Researchers are evaluating how to best recommend chemotherapy for patients with colon cancer based on the presence or absence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) after surgery. This Phase II/III trial focuses on patients with Stage IIB, IIC, or Stage III colon adenocarcinoma who have undergone tumor removal. The study aims to use ctDNA status to better predict the risk of cancer recurrence and guide decisions about adjuvant chemotherapy. Participants will be assigned to different treatment groups based on their ctDNA status after surgery. Patients without detectable ctDNA will undergo serial ctDNA monitoring without immediate treatment or receive standard chemotherapy regimens such as mFOLFOX6 or CAPOX for varying durations. Patients with detectable ctDNA will receive either standard chemotherapy or intensified regimens like mFOLFIRINOX. Treatments involve intravenous and oral chemotherapy drugs given over several cycles spanning weeks to months. Throughout the study, participants will have ctDNA testing using the Signatera test and be monitored for disease-free survival, overall survival, and recurrence up to five years after randomization. Safety and treatment adherence will also be tracked. Regular imaging and laboratory tests will assess disease status and organ function. The study may include re-randomization for patients who develop positive ctDNA during monitoring. Total involvement may last several years with follow-up for long-term outcomes.

Researchers are evaluating combinations of targeted drugs in people with advanced non-small cell lung cancer that has spread and shows specific changes in the EGFR and MET genes. This phase II Lung-MAP trial focuses on patients whose cancer has progressed after treatment with osimertinib and aims to compare the effectiveness of combining capmatinib, osimertinib, and ramucirumab. The study also investigates safety, response rates, and survival outcomes while collecting biological samples for further analysis. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group receives capmatinib and osimertinib as oral medications plus ramucirumab given intravenously, while the other group receives only capmatinib and osimertinib orally. During the trial, patients undergo regular CT or MRI scans and blood sample collections to monitor their disease and treatment effects. The study includes detailed assessments of tumor responses and side effects over time. Throughout the trial, participants will have scans and blood tests at scheduled intervals to assess disease progression and treatment impact. Researchers will monitor progression-free survival as the main outcome, along with response duration and toxicity. Blood samples are also collected to study circulating tumor DNA. The study continues up to three years, with ongoing safety and efficacy evaluations. Participants must meet specific health criteria and provide informed consent before joining.

Researchers are investigating treatments for patients with metastatic kidney cancer, focusing on whether adding surgery to a standard immunotherapy-based drug combination improves overall survival. This phase III trial compares outcomes for patients receiving immunotherapy with or without surgery to remove the kidney, known as nephrectomy. Immunotherapy drugs like nivolumab, ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, and avelumab aim to help the immune system attack the cancer, while axitinib works to block tumor growth. The benefit of adding surgery to these drug treatments is not yet established. Participants first receive one of three standard immunotherapy-based regimens before randomization, including combinations of intravenous nivolumab, ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, avelumab, and oral axitinib. After about 10 to 14 weeks of this initial treatment, patients are randomly assigned to continue systemic therapy alone or to receive surgery to remove the kidney plus the same systemic therapy. Surgery may be radical or partial and performed using laparoscopic, open, or robotic methods within 8 weeks of randomization. Axitinib is paused before surgery and resumed after recovery. Throughout the study, participants undergo scans and clinical assessments to monitor tumor response and side effects. After completing treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months during the first year, then every 6 months for years two and three, and annually thereafter for up to seven years. The trial measures overall survival, tumor response in metastatic sites, changes in tumor size, and complications from surgery or drug toxicities. Specimens are also collected for future research to better understand the disease and treatments.

Researchers are evaluating a master screening protocol called Lung-MAP for patients with previously treated non-small cell lung cancer. This phase II/III trial aims to develop a genomic screening method for large cancer populations and assign participants to appropriate sub-studies based on specific cancer biomarkers. The goal is to compare new targeted therapies designed to block cancer growth or spread with standard care, including sub-studies for patients not eligible for biomarker-driven treatments. The study involves screening patient specimens to determine eligibility for various biomarker-driven or non-matched sub-studies within the Lung-MAP umbrella protocol. This is a screening study without direct interventions; instead, patients are assigned to different treatment sub-studies, each operating independently. The protocol also includes an optional ancillary study evaluating attitudes about the return of somatic mutation findings suggestive of germline mutations. Participants provide tumor tissue for biomarker testing, including molecular profiling and PD-L1 analysis, and may submit fresh biopsies and blood samples for circulating tumor DNA testing. Researchers will monitor screening success rates up to three years and collect patient and physician feedback on genetic findings. Participation involves signing informed consent, providing smoking history, and possibly completing surveys. The study duration and assessments vary depending on sub-study assignment and patient progression.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of radiation therapy with or without the chemotherapy drug cisplatin in treating patients who have stage III-IVA squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and have undergone surgery. This phase II trial aims to understand how well these treatments work, focusing on disease-free survival and the role of p53 gene mutations in predicting patient outcomes. The study also examines treatment side effects and explores genetic changes that could guide new therapies. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. One group receives intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) once daily, five days a week for six weeks. The other group receives the same radiation schedule combined with weekly intravenous cisplatin over 1-2 hours for six weeks. After treatment, patients will be followed up every six months for three years and then annually for seven more years to monitor their health status and disease progression. Throughout the study, participants undergo various assessments including surgical tissue analysis for p53 mutations, imaging tests to check for disease spread, and regular evaluations of treatment side effects. Researchers measure disease-free survival, tracking the time until cancer recurrence, new tumors in the head and neck region, or death for up to ten years. Safety is monitored closely during treatment, with adverse events recorded up to six weeks after therapy. The total participation duration can extend up to ten years due to long-term follow-up.