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Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of camizestrant compared to standard endocrine therapy in patients with early breast cancer that is estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-). These patients have an intermediate or high risk of cancer recurrence and have already completed local treatments such as surgery and possibly chemotherapy, alongside at least 2 years and up to 5 years of standard adjuvant endocrine therapy. The study is a Phase III, open-label trial designed to assess outcomes over a long term. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either camizestrant, an oral selective estrogen receptor degrader, or one of several standard endocrine therapies including tamoxifen, anastrozole, letrozole, or exemestane, administered according to local approved guidelines. The treatment duration for both groups is planned to last 60 months. Eligible patients may have previously used CDK4/6 inhibitors, and the study will specifically include those with intermediate or high risk of recurrence as determined by clinical and biological markers. During the study, participants will be monitored for up to 10 years from the last patient's randomization to evaluate invasive breast cancer-free survival. Additional outcomes include invasive disease-free survival, distant relapse-free survival, overall survival, safety, and clinical outcome assessments. The study involves ongoing assessments of health status, treatment effects, and safety to determine the long-term benefits and risks of camizestrant compared to standard therapies.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and effects of a medicine called disitamab vedotin for adults with advanced breast cancer that is hard to treat and has spread in the body. This study focuses on participants whose tumors express HER2 and who have received previous treatments for their advanced breast cancer. The goal is to understand how well this medicine works and its safety in these patients through a Phase 1b/2 open-label study. All participants will receive disitamab vedotin intravenously (IV) once every two weeks at the study clinic. They will continue the treatment until they or their doctor decide to stop, which could be due to cancer progression, side effects, or personal choice. During treatment, study visits occur every two weeks. After stopping treatment, participants will have follow-up visits about every six weeks, and later follow-up phone calls approximately every twelve weeks. Participants will undergo evaluations including assessments of their cancer response by the study doctors, following recognized criteria. The study team will monitor the participants for up to about two years or until their disease progresses or they pass away. This includes safety monitoring and collecting information about the medicine’s effects to determine its safety and effectiveness.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and effects of the medicine PF-07248144 combined with fulvestrant for treating hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer. This type of breast cancer involves cancer cells that grow in response to hormones like estrogen and progesterone but have little or no HER2 protein. The study focuses on people whose breast cancer worsened after treatment with cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor therapy. The trial is a phase 3, open-label, randomized study comparing PF-07248144 plus fulvestrant to other therapies chosen by doctors. Participants will receive either PF-07248144 tablets daily at home in 28-day cycles combined with fulvestrant injections at the clinic, or the usual treatment of everolimus tablets with endocrine therapy (either exemestane or fulvestrant). The study doctor will help decide the hormone therapy before starting treatment. The trial compares the experiences of those taking PF-07248144 plus fulvestrant with those receiving standard treatments to assess safety and effectiveness. During the study, researchers will monitor participants for disease progression or death, using blinded independent central review based on standard tumor response criteria. The main outcome measure is progression-free survival for up to about 2 years from randomization. Regular assessments, including clinical visits for injections and evaluations, will help track treatment effects and safety throughout the study.

Researchers are evaluating a new medicine called PF-08634404 combined with chemotherapy for people aged 18 and older who have locally advanced or metastatic gastric, gastroesophageal junction, or esophageal adenocarcinoma. The study includes participants who have not received prior treatment for advanced or metastatic disease and are in good health based on medical tests. This research is designed as a Phase 2/3 trial to learn about safety, response, and compare this new treatment to an approved therapy called nivolumab plus chemotherapy. The study has two parts: the first part assesses the safety and response to PF-08634404 with chemotherapy, and the second part compares this combination to nivolumab with chemotherapy. Treatments are given intravenously in repeated cycles. Participants receive either PF-08634404 plus chemotherapy or nivolumab plus chemotherapy based on the study phase and group assignment. During the study, participants undergo regular evaluations including medical tests to monitor organ function and safety. Researchers will measure treatment response using RECIST 1.1 criteria, track adverse events, and assess progression-free survival and overall survival over approximately four years. Follow-up continues through 90 days after the last treatment to monitor side effects and overall health.

Researchers are conducting a Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, multiregional study to compare two treatments for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study includes two separate groups based on NSCLC histology: squamous and non-squamous types. The main goals are to evaluate overall survival and progression-free survival, with additional focus on treatment response and safety. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either ivonescimab combined with platinum-doublet chemotherapy or pembrolizumab combined with platinum-doublet chemotherapy. Both treatments are given as intravenous injections. Each histology group will be analyzed separately, with about 600 patients in the squamous group and 1000 in the non-squamous group. During the study, participants will be monitored for survival outcomes over approximately 3 to 4 years. Researchers will assess tumor response and safety through regular evaluations. Eligibility requires confirmed metastatic NSCLC, with specific tumor measurements and no prior systemic treatment for metastatic disease. This study aims to provide important information on these first-line treatment options for metastatic NSCLC.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of a combination treatment involving adagrasib, pembrolizumab, and chemotherapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has a KRAS G12C mutation. This Phase 2 trial focuses on patients with PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) of 1% or higher, but less than 50%, who have not received prior systemic therapy for advanced disease. The study aims to assess how well this combination works as a first treatment option for this patient group. Participants receive adagrasib as oral tablets twice daily at a dose of 400 mg. Pembrolizumab and chemotherapy drugs (pemetrexed and either cisplatin or carboplatin) are given by intravenous infusion once every three weeks. The study includes several groups based on prior treatments and PD-L1 levels, with some participants having previously completed induction chemotherapy. Treatments are administered according to these schedules and patient eligibility. During the study, researchers monitor participants for tumor response and progression-free survival over 30 months. They use standard criteria to measure tumor size changes and disease progression. Assessments include clinical evaluations and imaging to track response to treatment. Safety and tolerability are also monitored throughout the study period to understand the effects of the combination therapy on patients.

Researchers are evaluating surgical and minimally invasive treatments for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) by comparing Medicare patients who received the MILD procedure against those who had interspinous process decompression (IPD). The study focuses on outcomes such as the rate of harms related to the initial procedure and the frequency of additional surgical or minimally invasive interventions within 24 months after treatment. Enrollment includes patients treated from January 1, 2017, onward, with continuation until the sponsor decides to stop. The MILD procedure involves percutaneous image-guided lumbar decompression, performed under fluoroscopy through a dorsal approach to partially remove tissue and bone at the affected spinal level. The control group receives the IPD procedure for LSS. Both groups are monitored for a 24-month period post-index procedure using Medicare claims data to track reoperations and any harms. Participants contribute data through Medicare claims without needing prior enrollment or consent, as the study is exempt from IRB oversight. Researchers collect and analyze information on procedure-related harms and subsequent interventions over two years. This approach allows evaluation of long-term safety and effectiveness outcomes for patients treated with either MILD or IPD.

Researchers are studying women with nonatypical endometrial hyperplasia (NAEH), a condition where the lining of the uterus becomes too thick but is not cancerous. This condition is often caused by hormone imbalances and can cause abnormal vaginal bleeding or irregular periods. If untreated, NAEH may lead to cancer. Currently, no approved treatments exist for this condition, creating a need for new therapies. This Phase 3 study aims to evaluate whether Mirena, a progesterone-releasing intrauterine device, can help restore the uterine lining to normal and assess its safety compared to oral medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA).

Researchers are evaluating breast cancer screening and diagnosis through the National Mammography Database (NMD), which collects data from radiology practices as required by federal mandate. This program provides comparative information to these practices for national and regional benchmarking to enhance screening quality. Participants in the NMD receive feedback reports every six months. These reports include key benchmark data such as cancer detection rates, positive predictive value rates, and recall rates. The program is offered at no cost to facilities designated as Breast Imaging Centers of Excellence (BICOE). During the study, participants' mammography data is collected and analyzed to measure cancer detection rates over one year. The ongoing feedback and benchmarking help facilities monitor and potentially improve their screening performance. Participation covers a wide age range and includes all genders, with no exclusion criteria specified.

Researchers are evaluating treatment strategies for people with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have not improved despite using tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) biologic drugs. The study compares switching to a non-TNFi biologic drug (such as rituximab, abatacept, tocilizumab, or sarilumab) versus switching to a targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (tsDMARD) like tofacitinib, baricitinib, or upadacitinib. This comparative effectiveness research addresses a critical gap in evidence, as current treatment choices are often based on physician experience or insurance preferences rather than strong data. The study uses patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to provide meaningful information for patient-centered care. Participants will be assigned to receive either a non-TNFi biologic or a tsDMARD as their new treatment for active RA after TNFi biologic therapy. The study allows participants to continue certain conventional synthetic DMARDs (such as methotrexate, sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquine, or leflunomide) if they have been stable on these for a specified period. Treatment choice is supported by insurance or patient assistance programs to ensure access. This pragmatic trial is designed to reflect real-world practice and includes patients with comorbidities to assess effectiveness and safety in a broad population. During the study, participants will be monitored for changes in functional ability over 12 months using the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), a sensitive measure for RA impact. Researchers will also evaluate quality of life, productivity, and side effects. The study aims to generate evidence that helps patients and payers make informed decisions about RA treatments based on outcomes that matter most to patients. Total participation includes baseline assessments and follow-up evaluations throughout the 12-month treatment period.