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Researchers are evaluating a drug called sigvotatug vedotin alone and in combination with pembrolizumab, with or without chemotherapy, to determine its safety and effects in people with various advanced solid tumors. This Phase 1 study includes participants with specific cancers like non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck squamous cell cancer, HER2-negative breast cancer, esophageal cancers, ovarian cancer, and others. The trial aims to find out the side effects of sigvotatug vedotin and whether it can treat these solid tumors effectively. The study is divided into four parts. Part A focuses on finding the right dose of sigvotatug vedotin. Part B tests the safety and effectiveness of that dose. Parts C and D look at the safety and effectiveness of sigvotatug vedotin combined with pembrolizumab alone or with chemotherapy drugs carboplatin or cisplatin. Participants receive these drugs intravenously, with pembrolizumab given every 3 or 6 weeks and chemotherapy every 3 weeks depending on the drug. During the study, participants undergo tumor biopsies, physical exams, and disease assessments to monitor treatment effects. Researchers track side effects, lab abnormalities, and dose-limiting toxicities for up to 30-37 days after the last dose of sigvotatug vedotin, and for up to 3 years after pembrolizumab treatment. The study follows participants with regular safety monitoring and evaluations of tumor response throughout the trial.

Researchers are evaluating the combination of the investigational drug PF-06821497 (mevrometostat) with enzalutamide compared to enzalutamide alone in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who have not previously received androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSi) or abiraterone. This global, multicenter Phase 3 study focuses on participants whose cancer has progressed despite androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or first-generation anti-androgens but who have not started other systemic anti-cancer treatments for mCRPC. The study excludes those with prior treatment using enzalutamide, darolutamide, apalutamide, or abiraterone in any setting, though chemotherapy is allowed in the hormone-sensitive setting. The study includes a Screening Phase, followed by randomization where participants are assigned equally to one of two groups: one receiving PF-06821497 plus enzalutamide, and the other receiving placebo plus enzalutamide. All treatments are taken orally on a continuous basis. After the treatment phase, participants enter a Safety Follow-up and a Long-Term Follow-up period to monitor ongoing effects. Participants will undergo assessments during the study to evaluate radiographic progression-free survival over about three years. Researchers will collect imaging data such as bone scans and CT or MRI scans to monitor disease progression. Additional evaluations include performance status, life expectancy assessments, and safety monitoring for adverse events. The study duration spans from screening through treatment and follow-up phases to gather comprehensive data on the combination therapy's impact on mCRPC.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of active surveillance and chemotherapy treatments in pediatric, adolescent, and adult patients with low risk and standard risk germ cell tumors. This phase III trial focuses on monitoring patients after tumor removal and comparing the outcomes of carboplatin-based versus cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens. The study aims to maintain high overall survival rates for low risk patients and to compare event-free survival between the two chemotherapy options in standard risk patients. Additional objectives include assessing side effects such as hearing loss and neuropathy, and exploring tumor marker changes and other biological measures related to treatment outcomes. Patients with low risk stage I germ cell tumors undergo surgery followed by observation, with the option to transfer to standard risk treatment if the tumor recurs. Those with standard risk tumors are randomly assigned to one of four chemotherapy regimens combining bleomycin, etoposide, carboplatin, or cisplatin. Treatments are given intravenously on specific schedules every 21 days for up to 3 or 4 cycles, depending on the group. Throughout the trial, patients receive imaging scans, blood tests, tumor biopsies if needed, and pulmonary function tests to monitor treatment response and side effects. Participants are closely followed after treatment completion with regular visits every 2 months for the first year, then less frequently up to 10 years. Researchers collect data through imaging, blood samples, lung tests, and questionnaires to measure survival, disease recurrence, and side effects like hearing loss. The study also includes exploratory analyses of tumor markers and patient-reported outcomes to better understand treatment impacts and improve future care for germ cell tumor patients.

Researchers are evaluating the addition of olaparib, a PARP inhibitor, as maintenance therapy following surgery and chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer that has been surgically removed and who have a pathogenic mutation in BRCA1, BRCA2, or PALB2 genes. This phase II randomized, double-blind study aims to determine if olaparib can improve relapse-free survival compared to placebo in these patients, who have completed perioperative chemotherapy and have no evidence of recurrent disease. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either olaparib or a placebo orally twice daily in 28-day cycles for up to 12 cycles, as long as there is no disease progression or unacceptable side effects. Throughout the treatment period, patients undergo imaging tests such as CT scans or MRI and blood sample collections. After completing the treatment cycles, patients are followed up at 30 days, every 4 months for the first year, and then every 6 months for up to 10 years after randomization to monitor their health and disease status. During the study, researchers assess relapse-free survival by documenting any return of cancer or death from 22 to 44 months after randomization. They also collect blood samples and perform imaging tests to monitor the disease and evaluate treatment effects. Safety is carefully monitored, and patients must have recovered from previous treatments before starting the study. The study includes long-term follow-up to observe survival outcomes and any differences based on genetic mutations or prior chemotherapy regimens.

Researchers are collecting blood and tissue samples from people with and without cancer to study and evaluate tests that could help detect cancer early. The goal is to create a blinded reference set of samples to validate blood-based tests for early detection of multiple types of cancer, including leukemia, lymphoma, breast, lung, and others. The study also aims to assess how well these tests perform at the time of initial cancer diagnosis, considering different tumor types and cancer stages. Participants complete a baseline questionnaire and provide blood samples at registration and again 12 months later. Those diagnosed with cancer may also provide tissue samples at these times. The study includes patients aged 40 to 75 years, with cancer diagnoses at various stages or individuals without cancer. Special procedures are in place for patients with high suspicion of certain cancers before confirmation. During the study, researchers collect detailed information through questionnaires, blood draws, and tissue sampling to analyze test accuracy. Participants are monitored for up to one year after registration to follow outcomes. The primary measure is providing this blinded set of blood samples to help validate future cancer detection tests, supporting research that could improve early diagnosis and treatment.

Researchers are collecting and storing tissue and blood samples from patients with various types of cancer to create models that help study cancer and test new treatments. This observational study focuses on patients with confirmed or suspected cancer diagnoses, including solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, to improve laboratory research and drug development. The study involves obtaining tumor tissue and blood samples during medically necessary procedures related to the patient's cancer treatment. These samples will be preserved using xenograft models (transplantation into another species) or cell cultures for future analysis. Sample collection is timed carefully around treatment cycles to ensure tissue viability. Participants will undergo tissue and blood collection as part of their clinical care, with no additional procedures solely for the study. Researchers will review pathology and flow cytometry reports to confirm viable cancer cells in the samples. The main outcome is the successful procurement and storage of these biological materials for research over a follow-up period of up to five years.

This research collects data and biological samples from patients who have experienced side effects from immunotherapy treatments for cancer. The goal is to create a national collection of these samples and clinical information to help future studies understand, predict, prevent, and treat serious immune-related side effects, rare infections, or rapid tumor growth after immunotherapy. Participants provide tissue and blood samples when they join the study and again one month later. Some patients may also provide stool samples if they have certain side effects like colitis. Researchers also review participants' medical records for up to one year to gather detailed health information related to their treatment and side effects. During the study, patients undergo sample collections and have their health records examined. The main outcome measured is the establishment of a national biorepository containing these samples and data, which will be used in future research over the course of one year. This study aims to support better understanding and management of immunotherapy side effects in cancer treatment.

Researchers are evaluating how to best recommend chemotherapy for patients with colon cancer after surgery by using the presence or absence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the blood. This approach aims to identify microscopic residual tumor cells and may provide better risk prediction for cancer recurrence compared to traditional methods. The trial focuses on patients with Stage IIB, IIC, or III colon cancer who have undergone complete tumor removal. Participants will have their tumor tissue and blood tested centrally using the Signatera assay to determine ctDNA status. Patients without detectable ctDNA may avoid chemotherapy, while those with detectable ctDNA are considered at higher risk and will be randomly assigned to receive different chemotherapy regimens, including mFOLFOX6, CAPOX, or mFOLFIRINOX, given intravenously or orally over periods ranging from 3 to 6 months. The study includes initial screening, treatment, and possible second randomization for patients whose ctDNA status changes during monitoring. During the study, participants will undergo various assessments including blood tests, imaging scans, and performance evaluations to monitor their health and response to therapy. Researchers will track the time to ctDNA positivity and disease-free survival for up to 3 and 5 years, respectively. Safety and treatment effects will be closely observed throughout the study duration, ensuring thorough follow-up and monitoring for all participants.

Researchers are evaluating the incidence of colorectal cancer in people aged 45 to 70 who have 1 to 2 non-advanced adenomas, which are small precancerous polyps without high-risk features. The study compares outcomes between those who have surveillance colonoscopies every 5 years versus every 10 years. This is important because current guidelines recommend follow-up colonoscopy but lack clear evidence on the best timing for patients with non-advanced adenomas. Participants will undergo colonoscopies at either 5 and 10 years or just at 10 years after their initial qualifying colonoscopy. All colonoscopies, including any unscheduled ones, will follow standard quality procedures and preparation instructions. The initial colonoscopy must have fully visualized the cecum and completely removed all polyps. Sessile serrated polyps without advanced features are also included as non-advanced adenomas. During the trial, researchers will monitor participants through colonoscopy exams and collect data on the incidence of colorectal cancer over a 10-year period. The main measurement is the rate of colorectal cancer occurrence. The study also includes assessments to ensure adherence to colonoscopy quality standards and will follow participants long term to observe safety and effectiveness of the surveillance intervals.

Researchers are evaluating how factors like age, gender, other medical conditions, and the type of immunotherapy affect the development of side effects in patients with malignant solid tumors receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. The study aims to develop and validate a risk prediction model for serious immune-related side effects during the first year of ICI treatment. Additional goals include tracking the occurrence of various side effects, quality of life, patient-reported symptoms, and treatment patterns over 12 months, along with studying biological markers that may predict side effect risk. Participants will have tissue samples collected at the start of their cancer treatment and will complete questionnaires at baseline and at weeks 4, 12, 24, and 52. Blood samples may also be collected at multiple times during the study. The study focuses on patients receiving standard-of-care ICI therapy for solid tumors, without combination chemotherapy or other non-ICI treatments. During the study, participants will complete patient-reported outcome forms and health questionnaires to assess side effects and quality of life. Researchers will monitor the occurrence of severe immune-related side effects over 52 weeks and evaluate biological markers from blood and tissue samples. The study also assesses the use of electronic methods for collecting patient data. Total participation includes assessments over approximately one year following treatment start.