Aplastic Anemia

This NIH-sponsored study aims to characterize three biomarkers derived from 129Xe gas exchange MRI and understand how they change in response to interventions. The study focuses on markers derived from the interaction of 129Xe with pulmonary capillary red blood cells RBCs, specifically RBC transfer MRI, cardiogenic oscillations in 129Xe-RBC signal amplitude, and the 129Xe-RBC chemical shift. The study population includes healthy volunteers, patients scheduled to undergo transfusion or phlebotomy, patients with dyspnea, interstitial lung disease ILD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis IPF, non-specific interstitial pneumonias NSIP, chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis cHP, sarcoid, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension CTEPH, and acute pulmonary embolism.

Thalassemia is a common inherited blood disorder, particularly prevalent in Yunnan, China, where many patients face high treatment costs. Current treatments include blood transfusions and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation HSCT, which can cure thalassemia but involve significant risks and complications such as organ damage and graft-versus-host disease GVHD. This research explores a new approach called hypertransplantation, developed by Professor Ai Huishengs team, aiming to provide a safer, more effective, and affordable treatment without the need for pre-treatment or causing GVHD. The study will test hypertransplantation, which uses hematopoietic stem cells from haplotype-compatible healthy donors without requiring pre-treatment such as chemotherapy or radiation. This innovative method relies on immune interactions between donor and recipient to achieve stable donor cell implantation. Animal studies showed promising results with no GVHD or reproductive damage, and this clinical trial plans to enroll 3 to 5 patients aged 7 to 12 years with severe Mediterranean thalassemia who are ineligible or refuse standard HSCT or gene therapy. Participants will receive the hypertransplantation treatment and be closely monitored for donor cell implantation, blood counts, hemoglobin levels, immune function, and potential complications like infections or GVHD. The primary outcome will be the donor cell implantation rate three months after transplantation, with secondary outcomes including gene carrier status after one year. The study involves a single center and a single treatment group, with follow-up assessments to evaluate safety, efficacy, and recovery of endocrine and gastrointestinal functions over time.

The GENESIS clinical study aims to map HLA genetic variation in the Greek population and evaluate possible correlations with selected underlying diseases. It is a multicenter, prospective, non-interventional clinical study targeting 12,000 subjects over an anticipated duration of 36 months, with the goal of creating a pilot HLA map for medical research and possible clinical applications. Each subject will complete one visit at a participating site and provide demographic information, including date of birth, gender, race, ancestry, height, and weight, as well as information about smoking or vaping, alcohol consumption, arterial blood pressure, diagnosed diseases, and current treatments. Recent clinical laboratory results from up to 12 months before sample collection may also be collected when available, including blood count, metabolic, liver enzyme, and biochemical parameters. Two buccal swabs will be collected from each subject for DNA extraction and HLA genotyping analysis. Selected DNA samples will also undergo low-pass whole genome sequencing to further investigate associations between the HLA region and autoimmune diseases. After the analysis is completed, an individualized ancestry report will be securely available to study subjects if they elect to access it.

This research aims to monitor participants who previously received TSC-100 or TSC-101 T-cell receptor engineered T-cell TCR-T therapies in the TSCAN-001 study. The goal is to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of these investigational treatments over a 15-year period following their administration, focusing on people treated for conditions such as AML, ALL, and MDS. Participants will not receive any new study drug during this long-term follow-up study. Instead, they will be observed after completing the initial TSCAN-001 trial, while continuing any other cancer treatments as necessary. Monitoring will include a period lasting 15 years from the date of their original TCR-T cell therapy. During the study, participants will be evaluated for treatment-emergent adverse events to assess safety and tolerability. Researchers will also monitor overall survival, relapse-free survival, and progression-free survival over the 15 years. This observational study involves regular assessments to track long-term outcomes without administering additional investigational treatments.

Researchers are studying the use of unlicensed cryopreserved cord blood units CBUs for transplantation in both children and adults with blood cancers and other related disorders. This observational study involves patients with hematologic malignancies and various inherited and acquired disorders affecting the blood and immune system. The main goal is to monitor how well neutrophil recovery occurs after transplantation using these unlicensed CBUs in multiple institutions. Participants receive unlicensed cryopreserved CBUs as part of their transplant treatment. The study includes patients of any age receiving these CBUs for approved indications. The protocol focuses on the access and distribution of these unlicensed units rather than a specific treatment intervention. The study gathers data from recipients who receive these CBUs, tracking outcomes after transplantation. Participants are monitored for neutrophil recovery at 60 and 100 days after transplant, defined by a neutrophil count of at least 500mm3. Researchers also collect information on infection transmission, infusion reactions, survival rates at one year, and incidence of acute and chronic graft versus host disease. Platelet recovery is also evaluated. Safety and efficacy outcomes are followed over time to better understand the effects of unlicensed CBUs in this patient population.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma DLBCL is the most common and aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with rapid tumor growth and symptoms varying by tumor location. The disease is classified using advanced methods like immunohistochemistry and molecular testing to guide prognosis and personalized treatment. Despite standard immunochemotherapy curing 60-70% of patients, many experience treatment failure or relapse, and options after second-line therapies remain limited. This observational study examines treatment patterns, demographic, and clinical characteristics of DLBCL patients in the Middle East and Africa. It includes two patient groups those newly diagnosed and eligible for treatment, and those with relapsed or refractory DLBCL who have failed previous therapies. The study aims to explore access to novel therapies and understand real-world treatment approaches in these regions. Participants will be observed over 22 months, during which researchers will document treatment regimens, patient risk profiles, and access to new treatments. Data collection includes patient demographics, disease characteristics, and treatment outcomes. The study does not involve experimental treatments but gathers detailed information to inform future care strategies for DLBCL patients.

Researchers are evaluating a new combination of evidence-based interventions EBIs aimed at improving diagnostic safety and efficiency in primary care for patients with anemia and decreased glomerular filtration rate. The study is designed as a stepped wedge cluster randomized control trial to measure how these interventions affect patient safety and healthcare efficiency, while also assessing factors influencing their implementation such as acceptability, cost, and sustainability. The study compares an enhanced diagnostic team approach to usual care. The enhanced approach includes automated detection and tracking of abnormal test results, expanding the primary care team to include clinical pharmacists to guide anemia evaluation, and engaging patients through nurse navigators to increase their activation in the diagnostic process. The study involves several clinic groups that receive the intervention at different times, ranging from 12 to 24 months, with some initial control periods. Participants will have their diagnostic accuracy for causes of low hemoglobin and decreased glomerular filtration rate assessed within six months. Researchers will track time to diagnosis, appropriate test usage, treatment costs, and primary care physicians views on the interventions acceptability and feasibility. The study also monitors how well the diagnostic process steps are followed, the interventions reach among patients, and sustainability in clinics over 2.5 years. Patient activation and clinic-level facilitators and barriers are evaluated through surveys and measures during the study period.

This research aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of a new BFCA conditioning regimen in patients aged 40 to 60 years with severe aplastic anemia undergoing haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation haplo-HSCT. The study is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm observational trial focused on this specific older patient group. It evaluates important outcomes such as failure-free survival and the incidence of complications associated with the transplant procedure. The BFCA conditioning regimen being studied includes busulfan, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and antithymocyte globulin given in a specific schedule before transplantation. The regimen is administered over several days prior to the stem cell transplant to prepare the body. This study observes patients receiving this regimen without comparison groups as it is a single-arm design conducted across multiple hospitals. Participants will be monitored from enrollment until two years after the transplant. Researchers will assess survival rates, blood cell recovery, graft-versus-host disease occurrence, viral reactivation, regimen-related toxicity, and transplant-related mortality. Follow-up evaluations include laboratory tests and clinical assessments at defined intervals up to two years to carefully track treatment effects and safety. The total participation duration extends from before transplant through long-term post-transplant monitoring.

Researchers are studying the safety, tolerability, and preliminary effects of CG009301 for injection in adults with relapsed or refractory blood cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia AML, high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes HR-MDS, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia ALL. This Phase 1, open-label trial aims to find the best dose and dosing schedule for CG009301 and to better understand its safety profile in participants who have limited treatment options. Participants will receive CG009301 through an intravenous infusion diluted in sodium chloride daily for 7 days per 28-day cycle. The study has two phases a dose-escalation phase for various relapsed or refractory blood cancers, followed by a dose-expansion phase focusing on AML, HR-MDS, and ALL. Treatment continues until the disease progresses. During the trial, participants will undergo regular assessments including safety monitoring, laboratory tests, and evaluations of drug levels in the body. Researchers will measure outcomes such as the recommended dose for expansion, duration of treatment cycles, adverse events, and clinical responses over periods up to 20 months or longer. Participants are expected to comply with scheduled visits and tests throughout the study duration.

Researchers are evaluating IM-1021, an antibody-drug conjugate, in a Phase 1 study involving participants with advanced B-cell lymphomas and solid tumors. This first-in-human, open-label study aims to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary anti-tumor activity of IM-1021. The study includes a dose escalation phase to find safe and tolerable doses and an expansion phase to further evaluate these doses in specific cancer types. The study has two parts Part A focuses on escalating doses of IM-1021 given intravenously to determine safety and recommended dosing schedules, including the possibility of alternative dosing. Part B involves expanding participant groups to further test safety and early effectiveness of IM-1021 at doses chosen from Part A. Participants receive the study drug intravenously on an intermittent basis throughout these phases. Participants will undergo multiple assessments including monitoring for treatment-related adverse events, pharmacokinetic blood tests, and evaluations of anti-tumor effects from week 6 until disease progression or study discontinuation. Safety and tolerability will be tracked from the first dose until about 37 days after the last dose. The study duration spans from screening, treatment, and follow-up with data collection continuing up to the study end in 2029.