Tonsillitis

Researchers are evaluating the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of the gene therapy SENS-501 in children aged 6 to 31 months who have severe to profound hearing loss caused by mutations in the Otoferlin gene. This open-label Phase I/II study focuses on children with pre-lingual hearing loss due to these genetic mutations, aiming to better understand how this treatment works in this young population. The study involves administering SENS-501 directly into one ear using a special injection system. It includes a dose-escalation phase where children receive either a low or high dose, followed by a dose expansion phase where the dose recommended from earlier phases is given. The treatment is given as a single unilateral intracochlear injection, and the administration system's safety, performance, and usability are also evaluated. Participants will be followed for up to 5 years to monitor safety and tolerability and to assess hearing improvement using auditory brainstem response (ABR) and pure tone audiometry (PTA). Additional evaluations include clinical checks of the administration system shortly after treatment. Throughout the study, children will undergo hearing tests and medical assessments to measure outcomes and track any side effects or complications from the treatment and procedure.

Adenoidectomy is the most common ear, nose, and throat surgery performed in children to remove lymphoid tissue from the nasopharynx and open the nasal airways. This procedure usually improves symptoms and quality of life, but some children may experience symptoms again due to leftover or regrown lymphoid tissue, which sometimes requires another surgery. The study aims to understand if individual patient factors like sex, age, weight, height, and soft palate length affect how well the traditional adenoidectomy technique removes this tissue. The traditional adenoidectomy is done without directly seeing the surgical area, often using instruments like an adenoid curette or Shambaugh adenotome. This method can sometimes leave residual tissue behind, which may cause symptom recurrence. This study observes pediatric patients undergoing this traditional surgical technique to evaluate how anatomical and individual factors relate to the completeness of tissue removal. Participants are children evaluated for adenoidectomy and followed for up to five years to assess surgical outcomes related to anatomical factors. Researchers will collect data on these patient-specific characteristics and monitor the presence of residual adenoid tissue after surgery. The main outcome measured is how these anatomical factors influence the success of the surgery over time, helping to clarify reasons behind tissue persistence or regrowth after the procedure.

Researchers are investigating autoinflammatory diseases (AID), which involve recurring inflammatory episodes without infection, cancer, or adaptive immune system problems. This study focuses on both monogenic hereditary periodic syndromes and polygenic or multifactorial AID, including rare conditions like Behçet's disease, Still disease, Schnitzler's disease, PFAPA syndrome, chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, non-infectious uveitis and scleritis, among others. The goal is to gather detailed data to improve understanding and management of these rare diseases through an international collaboration. The study uses the AIDA registry, a secure online platform for collecting demographic, genetic, clinical, laboratory, radiologic, and therapeutic information. Data are gathered retrospectively and prospectively during routine clinical visits scheduled every 3-6 months. Eleven registries focus on different AID conditions, enabling comprehensive data collection to identify clinical patterns, treatment impacts, and long-term outcomes over a period of at least 10 years. Participants provide information during their usual care visits, allowing researchers to track changes in disease activity, organ involvement, inflammatory markers, visual function, pain levels, fatigue, fertility, and socioeconomic factors. The study monitors these outcomes over multiple timepoints up to 120 months. Data privacy is ensured by pseudonymizing patient information. This registry supports multiple clinical studies and aims to enhance knowledge, awareness, and future research on autoinflammatory diseases worldwide.

Researchers are investigating whether a specific exercise program can reduce cancer recurrence and improve immune function in patients with head and neck cancer after surgery and chemoradiotherapy. The study focuses on the effects of exercise on immune aging (immunosenescence), which is linked to higher risks of cancer and other diseases. This three-year project aims to find a safe and effective exercise routine that supports recovery and long-term health in these patients. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a group doing high-intensity interval training (HIIT) combined with resistance exercises two to three times a week, starting 4-5 weeks after chemoradiotherapy, or to a control group receiving no exercise intervention. The exercise program lasts for 8 weeks with 24-36 sessions. Researchers will monitor physical activity at home and track outcomes over three years. Throughout the study, participants will have blood tests to measure immune aging markers before and after the exercise program and at follow-up points. They will also complete quality of life questionnaires and have their physical fitness assessed by peak oxygen uptake measurements. Researchers will follow participants for cancer recurrence and survival, collecting data across the full three years to evaluate the effects of exercise on health and immune function.

This research aims to evaluate whether chewing gum and cold water gargling can ease common throat discomforts, such as sore throat and difficulty swallowing, experienced after bronchoscopy. The study compares these simple interventions against standard care to see if they improve patient comfort and satisfaction following the procedure. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: chewing sugar-free xylitol gum for 15 minutes before bronchoscopy, gargling cold water (8-12°C) twice for 30 seconds each before the procedure, or receiving the usual care without additional treatments. The chewing gum and cold water gargle are supervised by researchers who provide instructions and ensure proper procedure. Participants' symptoms and satisfaction will be assessed before bronchoscopy, then at 2 hours and 24 hours after the procedure. The 24-hour follow-up will be done by phone. Researchers will measure the severity of sore throat and swallowing difficulty along with patient satisfaction, aiming to understand if these interventions affect recovery and comfort. The study starts with standard fasting and includes routine education about bronchoscopy.

This research aims to compare the effects of remimazolam and propofol on recovery time, complications, and safety in adult patients undergoing ambulatory upper airway surgery under general anesthesia. The trial focuses on surgeries involving the nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx, evaluating which anesthesia method may influence postoperative recovery quality. Participants are randomly assigned to either the Remimazolam group or the Propofol group. In the Remimazolam group, anesthesia is started and maintained by continuous infusion of remimazolam and remifentanil, with recovery supported by flumazenil. In the Propofol group, anesthesia uses continuous infusion of propofol and remifentanil via target concentration controlled infusion. Both groups receive rocuronium for muscle relaxation and sugammadex to reverse this effect after surgery. During the study, recovery times and adverse events are recorded at three stages: in the operating room, in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), and in the day surgery center. Assessments include eye opening time, extubation time, PACU transfer time, stay durations, pain scores, alertness levels, and safety monitoring over several hours following surgery. The primary outcome is the time until patients are fit for discharge, measured 15 minutes after surgery.

This research aims to gather detailed information about complicated infections treated by ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists in Ljubljana, Slovenia. It focuses on understanding how complicated infections of the sinuses, ears and temporal bone, neck soft tissues, and larynx are managed. The purpose is to improve treatment outcomes, shorten hospital stays, and develop clear clinical pathways for these diseases in Slovenia by comparing local data with other countries. Participants in this observational study will receive standard care according to established evidence-based clinical guidelines, which may include surgery and/or conservative treatments. The study groups consist of patients with complicated infections in different ENT areas, including sinonasal infections, ear or temporal bone infections, neck soft tissue infections, and laryngeal infections. Treatments will be provided as usual without experimental interventions. During the study, researchers will collect data to create a database of patients treated at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana. They will monitor disease-free survival over 12 months and analyze treatment outcomes to provide transparent, ongoing information about managing these infections. Participation involves standard medical care and follow-up to assess recovery and complications, contributing to improved understanding and care quality over time.

This research aims to compare whether using different sizes of tracheal catheters causes less sore throat in women after thyroid surgery. It involves female patients aged 18 to 65 years with physical health status ranging from ASA I to III, all scheduled for thyroid surgery under general anesthesia. The study focuses on evaluating sore throat incidence and severity following the procedure. Participants are randomly assigned to one of three groups, each receiving a tracheal catheter with a different inner diameter: 6.0 mm, 6.5 mm, or the traditional 7.0 mm size. The study monitors how each catheter size affects postoperative sore throat at multiple time points after surgery, specifically at 1 hour, 6 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours. During the study, researchers record the presence and severity of sore throat at these times to assess differences among the groups. The trial includes women undergoing elective thyroid surgery under general anesthesia who meet the eligibility criteria. The study is expected to run until October 2026, with participant involvement mainly around the surgery and follow-up sore throat assessments.

Researchers are evaluating the impact of C-reactive Protein (CRP) and Serum Amyloid A (SAA) point-of-care testing (POCT) on antibiotic prescribing for patients with acute respiratory-tract infections (ARI) at primary care facilities in rural China. This practical, cluster-randomized controlled trial aims to see if using CRP and SAA tests helps guide antibiotic use during initial patient visits. The study includes two groups: an intervention group where 20 village clinics will receive CRP and SAA POCT devices along with additional physician training and patient education materials, and a control group that will continue with usual care without these interventions. Physician training involves centralized sessions, manuals, and reminders to support the use of POCT. The control group will not receive any additional interventions. Participants diagnosed with ARIs and presenting with at least one respiratory symptom will be followed for six months. Researchers will measure how often antibiotics are prescribed during the initial visit and monitor other outcomes such as multiple antibiotic prescriptions, intravenous antibiotic use, use of Traditional Chinese Medicines, and costs of prescriptions and consultations. The trial includes careful documentation and comparison of these outcomes between the two groups to understand the impact of CRP and SAA POCT on antibiotic prescribing practices.

Researchers are studying how the position of the neck during adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, or adenotonsillectomy surgery affects the pressure of the endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff in children aged 2 to 18 years. The ETT cuff pressure is important for patient safety during surgery under general anesthesia, as improper pressure can lead to complications like air leakage, inaccurate ventilation measurements, or damage to the trachea. The study aims to see if neck hyperextension changes the cuff pressure compared to a neutral head and neck position. The study involves measuring the cuff pressure at three different times using a cuff manometer: first, after intubation with the head and neck in a neutral position; second, after the neck is placed in a hyperextended position for surgery; and third, after returning the neck to neutral following the procedure. The pressure measurements will be taken during the surgery on children undergoing the specified surgical procedures. Standard anesthesia practices will be followed throughout. Participants will be monitored closely during surgery according to standard anesthesia protocols. The main measurement is the ETT cuff pressure recorded intraoperatively three times at specific points related to neck positioning. The study excludes patients with restricted neck mobility, prior neck surgery, or high body mass index (BMI over 35). The total involvement covers the surgical procedure and related monitoring. This observational study helps understand the effect of neck positioning on ETT cuff pressure to improve patient care during pediatric surgeries.