Study of Energy Availability Effects on Performance and Injury Risk in Elite Triathletes Over Two Years

What this Trial Is About

This research aims to understand how energy availability affects performance, injury risk, and training outcomes in elite triathletes. It focuses on low energy availability LEA, a condition where athletes do not consume enough energy to meet their training and bodily needs. The study follows 40 elite and sub-elite triathletes over two competitive seasons, exploring the prevalence and consequences of LEA on health and athletic performance through detailed monitoring. Participants will continue their usual training and diet while taking part in five test days spread across off-season, pre-season, and in-season periods between 2025 and 2027. These assessments include blood sampling, DXA scans, MRI, muscle strength and stiffness tests, VO2 max testing, and tracking of diet and activity using questionnaires and wearable devices. Monthly injury reports and quarterly dietary evaluations will also be collected. Throughout the study, researchers will measure changes in thyroid hormone T3, bone density, muscle mass, metabolic rate, performance metrics like running and biking economy, and injury occurrences. Blood tests will evaluate hormones, bone turnover markers, immune function, and nutritional status. Some samples will be stored for future research until 2029. Participants will be reimbursed for public transport but receive no other compensation. The study lasts two years and involves low-risk, minimally invasive procedures.

Energy Availability and Its Impact in Elite Triathletes