Banha

Researchers are evaluating two different nerve block techniques to improve pain management and ease of positioning for spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing hip surgeries. This study focuses on patients with hip fractures or those undergoing total hip arthroplasty, a major advancement in orthopedic surgery. Effective pain control before and after surgery is crucial to reduce opioid use and enhance recovery. The study compares the anterior iliopsoas space block, a new technique targeting the lumbosacral trunk beneath the psoas major muscle, with the peri-capsular nerve group PENG block, which targets nerves supplying the anterior hip capsule. Both groups receive bupivacaine 0.20% 25 ml administered under ultrasound guidance. The procedures are performed before spinal anesthesia to assess which block better facilitates spinal positioning and pain control. Participants will be monitored for ease of spinal positioning 30 minutes after the nerve block. Pain levels at rest and during limb movement will be measured up to 24 hours after surgery. Researchers will also track opioid use and quality of recovery within 24 hours postoperatively. The study includes assessments of pain scores and recovery quality to determine which nerve block provides better analgesia and supports recovery after hip surgery.

This research aims to evaluate the anatomical and functional outcomes of using autologous Tenons capsule grafting in patients with difficult-to-treat full-thickness macular holes. The study focuses on patients with chronic large macular holes larger than 400 micrometers or persistent holes after previous vitrectomy surgery with membrane peeling and gas tamponade. The purpose is to assess how well the macular holes close anatomically and how visual acuity improves over a three-month follow-up period. Participants will receive a surgical procedure involving a 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy. During surgery, autologous Tenons capsule tissue will be harvested from the patients own eye, trimmed, and placed into the macular hole. Perfluorocarbon liquid may be used to help stabilize the graft, and silicone oil will be applied as a tamponade to support healing. Silicone oil removal is planned between 8 to 12 weeks after surgery. Throughout the study, researchers will monitor anatomical closure of the macular hole using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and measure functional changes by testing best-corrected visual acuity at baseline, one month, and three months after surgery. The study includes evaluations of ocular health, fixation ability, and visual recovery over the three-month follow-up. The total participation duration corresponds to this postoperative monitoring period.

Researchers are evaluating the value of the Capillary Leak Index CLI compared to conventional biomarkers in predicting outcomes for critically ill patients who develop post-operative abdominal sepsis, specifically focusing on 28-day mortality and other related health results. The study is observational and sponsored by Benha University, aiming to improve understanding of sepsis prognosis in intensive care settings. Blood samples will be collected at multiple time points within 1-2 hours of ICU admission Day 0, Day 1, Day 2, and Day 7. These samples will be used to monitor trends in CLI and other conventional biomarkers during the ICU stay to assess their prognostic significance in patients with post-operative secondary peritonitis. Participants will undergo clinical assessments including evaluation of abdominal pain, peritoneal signs, systemic inflammation, and sepsis diagnosis based on Sepsis-3 criteria. Researchers will measure all-cause mortality from October 2025 to October 2026. The study involves monitoring patients for at least 48 hours postoperatively in the ICU, collecting blood samples, and analyzing biomarker trends to understand their relationship with patient outcomes.

Researchers are evaluating the effects of Dexamethasone, Dexmedetomidine, and their combination on postoperative gastrointestinal GIT function in adults aged 18 to 65 undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. The study aims to compare these drugs with a placebo to understand their impact on GIT function measured by the I-FEED score after surgery. This trial is a randomized controlled study sponsored by Benha University. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups Dexamethasone 8 mg IV with saline, Dexmedetomidine 0.5 mcgkg IV with saline, a combination of Dexamethasone 8 mg IV and Dexmedetomidine 0.5 mcgkg IV with saline, or placebo saline IV. Each infusion is administered over 10 minutes after anesthesia induction. The study uses a parallel design with quadruple masking to ensure unbiased results. During the study, participants will be monitored for gastrointestinal function using the highest I-FEED score measured 24 to 48 hours after surgery. Additional assessments include time to first flatus and defecation, time to tolerate oral intake, incidence of postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction, nausea and vomiting severity, length of hospital stay, adverse events related to study drugs, and opioid consumption. The study completion is expected by August 2026, with participant involvement including treatment administration and postoperative evaluations within the first 48 hours and follow-up for up to one week after surgery.

Researchers are evaluating the ability of Phase-Sensitive Inversion Recovery PSIR MRI compared to conventional T2-weighted T2W and Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery FLAIR MRI scans to detect early brain lesions in people with Multiple Sclerosis MS. The study aims to determine if PSIR MRI can better identify different types of cortical lesions in MS patients aged 15 to 65 years. It also examines how these lesions relate to clinical disability and cognitive performance scores. This observational, cross-sectional study involves patients diagnosed with MS based on the 2017 McDonald criteria. Each participant will undergo MRI scans using PSIR, T2W, and FLAIR sequences for comparison. Two independent neuroradiologists will review the images to count and classify lesions in various brain regions. The study will measure how many lesions each MRI type detects and their clinical relevance. Participants will provide consent and undergo medical history, physical and neurological exams, and assessment with disability and cognitive tests. MRI scans will be performed with a 1.5T machine, and images will be analyzed for lesion count and location. The main outcome is the number and classification of cortical lesions over 18 months. Researchers will also monitor correlations with disability and cognition scores to assess the usefulness of PSIR imaging for MS monitoring and diagnosis.

Researchers are studying how different doses of Dexmedetomidine DEX affect the occurrence and severity of postoperative delirium POD and cognitive problems after surgery in elderly patients. The study focuses on those undergoing major lower limb orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia and compares DEX doses to a fentanyl control group to find the best dose for protecting brain function after surgery. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either a low dose or a high dose of Dexmedetomidine through an intravenous infusion during surgery, or standard opioid-based general anesthesia with fentanyl without Dexmedetomidine. The study evaluates whether higher doses of DEX reduce delirium and cognitive decline more than the lower dose or fentanyl alone. During the study, participants are monitored for delirium within 48 hours after surgery, sedation levels within 24 hours, and cognitive function at the first and fourth weeks after surgery. The study lasts through these assessment periods to understand how DEX dosing influences postoperative brain health and recovery in elderly orthopedic patients.

This research aims to assess how diving and aquatic exercises affect muscle spasticity and motor function in children diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy, a neurological disorder that impacts movement and muscle coordination during childhood. Hydrotherapy is a popular supportive treatment for children with neuromotor impairments like cerebral palsy, and it may offer advantages over land-based exercises due to waters unique properties. Participants will take part in an intensive swimming program lasting 8 weeks, with sessions of 45 minutes each in a swimming pool. This program is designed to enhance safety and functional independence in the water. The hydrotherapy sessions will be conducted in a pool with water temperature adjusted to suit the weather. During the study, children will be evaluated using the Gross Motor Function Measurement-66 eight weeks after completing the swimming program to monitor changes in motor function. The study involves careful observation of muscle spasticity and motor abilities, with no masking or blinding, and participation lasts for the duration of the 8-week program plus follow-up assessments.

Researchers are evaluating whether sedation given before spinal anesthesia, guided by ultrasound, can reduce the risk of developing back pain after surgery. The trial focuses on adults undergoing non-obstetric lower abdominal or lower limb surgery, comparing standard landmark-guided spinal anesthesia to ultrasound-guided techniques with and without sedation. The goal is to find safer and more comfortable anesthesia methods to lower acute and chronic back pain following surgery. The study includes three groups one receives ultrasound-guided spinal anesthesia without sedation another receives ultrasound-guided spinal anesthesia with pre-procedure sedation using midazolam and the third group receives traditional landmark-guided spinal anesthesia without ultrasound or sedation. All patients receive standardized anesthesia with intrathecal bupivacaine after local lidocaine infiltration. Sedation, when used, is given intravenously shortly before the spinal procedure. Oxygen and standard monitoring are provided during the procedure. Participants will be assessed for back pain incidence and severity shortly after surgery and at 1, 3, and 6 months later using pain scales and questionnaires. Other measures include the number of needle insertion attempts, procedure time, patient satisfaction, and complications such as headache or nausea. The study lasts through these follow-ups to track both immediate and long-term effects of the different anesthesia approaches.

Researchers are evaluating the use of artificial intelligence in gait training for patients with above-knee amputations. This study aims to compare the effects of gait training using artificial intelligence with a traditional physical therapy program to assess stability improvements in this patient group. The trial is interventional and randomized, with a quadruple masking design to ensure unbiased results. Participants will be assigned to one of two groups one receiving gait training assisted by artificial intelligence and the other undergoing a traditional physical therapy program. The study will focus on measuring stability indices to understand how each training method impacts balance and movement control in above-knee amputee patients. During the study, participants will be assessed on three main stability measures Medio-lateral Stability Index MLSI, Anterior-posterior Stability Index APSI, and Overall Stability Index OSI. These measurements will be taken at the start of the study Day 0 and after 30 days Day 30. The study will monitor participant progress and safety throughout this period, providing valuable data on the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in improving gait training outcomes.

This research aims to assess the effects of strength and stabilization exercises on the activation pattern of scapular muscles in women who have shoulder problems after mastectomy for breast cancer. The study will involve 80 female participants aged 35 to 55 years who experience shoulder dysfunction between three to four months after their surgery. The goal is to better understand how these exercises might improve shoulder function and reduce related physical and psychological issues. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups one group will receive proximal stabilization exercises focusing on scapular mobilization and strengthening using specific movement patterns and weights, performed five days a week for six weeks. The other group will receive conventional physical therapy, including shoulder joint mobilization, capsular stretching, and range of motion exercises, also applied five days a week for six weeks. Both treatment approaches aim to address shoulder dysfunction but use different techniques to engage the scapular and shoulder muscles. Throughout the study, participants will undergo assessments at the start and after six weeks, including measuring muscle activation amplitude using electromyography EMG and evaluating shoulder pain and disability using the SPADI index. These evaluations will help researchers understand the impact of the exercise programs on muscle function and shoulder symptoms. The study is supervised by Ahram Canadian University and includes screening for eligibility before enrollment, with close monitoring during the intervention period.