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Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness and safety of two treatments, rilvegostomig and pembrolizumab, each combined with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy, as first-line therapy for patients with metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) whose tumors express PD-L1. The study is a Phase III, randomized, double-blind trial conducted globally at multiple centers. It focuses on patients with tumors expressing PD-L1 at 1% or higher and aims to compare these treatment combinations in this specific lung cancer population. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group receives rilvegostomig intravenously on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle, combined with platinum-based chemotherapy (carboplatin or cisplatin) and pemetrexed, followed by maintenance rilvegostomig plus pemetrexed monotherapy. The other group receives pembrolizumab intravenously on the same schedule with the same chemotherapy drugs, followed by pembrolizumab plus pemetrexed maintenance. Chemotherapy is given for up to four cycles. During the study, participants will be monitored for overall survival and progression-free survival for up to approximately five years. Researchers will also assess response rates, duration of response, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, and patient-reported physical function and quality of life. Safety will be carefully tracked throughout the study. The trial began in late 2024 and is expected to conclude around March 2030.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness and safety of a combination treatment including inavolisib, ribociclib, and fulvestrant compared to placebo with ribociclib and fulvestrant. This study focuses on adults with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer that is resistant to endocrine therapy. Participants must have specific genetic markers, including chromosome 8p loss and no PIK3CA mutation, and have not received prior systemic therapy for advanced disease. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either the combination of inavolisib, ribociclib, and fulvestrant or placebo with ribociclib and fulvestrant. The study is double-blind, meaning neither participants nor researchers know which treatment is given. Treatments are administered according to a set schedule detailed in the study protocol. This phase II trial will compare the impact of these treatments over approximately two years. During the study, participants will undergo regular assessments including tumor measurements based on RECIST criteria, safety monitoring, and patient-reported evaluations of treatment side effects and daily function. Researchers will track confirmed objective response rates as the primary outcome and also measure progression-free survival, overall survival, duration of response, and clinical benefit. Safety and quality of life impacts will be closely monitored through adverse event reporting and patient questionnaires throughout the study period.

Researchers are evaluating the combination of pembrolizumab and sacituzumab govitecan-hziy compared to standard chemotherapy treatments in patients with urothelial cancer that has spread locally or to other parts of the body. This phase III trial aims to assess overall survival, progression-free survival, response rates, clinical benefit, and treatment safety. The study also explores quality of life and fatigue changes during treatment to better understand patient experiences. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group receives standard chemotherapy options such as carboplatin or cisplatin with gemcitabine, or alternatively docetaxel or paclitaxel, given intravenously in cycles every 21 days for up to six cycles. The other group receives pembrolizumab intravenously on day 1 and sacituzumab govitecan-hziy intravenously on days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle, continuing for up to 35 cycles or two years, unless the disease progresses or toxicity occurs. Both groups undergo blood sample collection and imaging scans like CT or MRI throughout the study. During the study, participants will have regular visits for treatment administration, blood tests, and imaging to monitor disease status and treatment effects. Researchers will collect data on survival, tumor response, side effects, and quality of life using questionnaires at multiple time points up to five years from the start of treatment. After finishing treatment, patients are followed up 30 days later and then once a year for five years to track long-term outcomes and safety.

Researchers are evaluating the effects of a triple therapy inhaler combining budesonide, glycopyrronium, and formoterol fumarate (BGF MDI 320/14.4/9.6 bcg) on heart and lung outcomes in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who have a higher risk of heart and lung problems. This Phase III study compares this triple therapy to a dual therapy inhaler containing glycopyrronium and formoterol fumarate (GFF MDI 14.4/9.6 bcg). The trial is randomized, double-blind, and conducted at multiple centers to assess which treatment better affects cardiopulmonary outcomes.

Researchers are evaluating camizestrant, an oral selective estrogen receptor degrader, compared to standard endocrine therapy in patients with early-stage ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. This Phase III open-label study focuses on individuals at intermediate or high risk for disease recurrence who have completed locoregional therapy and at least 2 years, up to 5 years, of standard adjuvant endocrine therapy. The goal is to assess if camizestrant improves invasive breast cancer-free survival and other related outcomes. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either camizestrant or continue with standard endocrine therapy chosen by their investigator, which may include aromatase inhibitors such as exemestane, letrozole, anastrozole, or tamoxifen. Treatment duration for both groups is planned for 60 months (5 years). The study allows prior use of CDK4/6 inhibitors and excludes patients with specific medical conditions or prior use of similar investigational agents. During the study, patients will be regularly monitored for invasive breast cancer-free survival, invasive disease-free survival, distant relapse-free survival, overall survival, and safety measures, including adverse events and changes in laboratory and vital signs. Quality of life assessments related to symptoms like arthralgia, hot flushes, and vaginal dryness will also be conducted. Follow-up for participants will continue for up to 10 years from the last patient's randomization.

This trial investigates the effectiveness of elacestrant compared to standard endocrine therapy for adults with node-positive, estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), HER2-negative early breast cancer who are at high risk of recurrence. The study aims to understand if elacestrant can improve outcomes in this group over standard treatments. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either 345 mg of elacestrant once daily for five years or continue with their previous standard endocrine therapy, which may include anastrozole, letrozole, exemestane, or tamoxifen. Both treatments are taken orally, and the study is open-label, meaning participants and researchers know which treatment is given. During the study, participants will be monitored for up to five years for outcomes such as invasive breast cancer-free survival, distant relapse-free survival, overall survival, and quality of life changes. Assessments include questionnaires on health status and physical functioning, symptom evaluation, and blood tests to measure elacestrant levels. Safety and adverse events will be tracked throughout and for 28 days after treatment ends.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness and safety of opevesostat combined with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) compared to alternative treatments, abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide, in adults with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who have previously been treated with one next-generation hormonal agent (NHA). The study aims to determine if opevesostat improves the time participants live without their cancer worsening on scans, considering both those with and without certain androgen receptor mutations. Overall survival was also added as a secondary outcome to be assessed over a longer period. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. One group receives oral opevesostat twice daily along with daily dexamethasone and fludrocortisone acetate, continuing until their disease progresses. Hydrocortisone is available as a rescue medication if needed. The other group receives either abiraterone acetate plus prednisone or enzalutamide daily, also until disease progression. The study is open-label, meaning both researchers and participants know which treatment is given. During the study, participants will have regular assessments including imaging scans to monitor cancer progression, blood tests, and questionnaires evaluating quality of life and symptoms. Researchers will track the time until cancer worsens on imaging, overall survival, response rates, pain progression, and side effects. These evaluations may continue for up to approximately 82 months. Safety monitoring and treatment adherence will be followed throughout the study period.

Researchers are evaluating the addition of olaparib, a targeted therapy that blocks the PARP enzyme involved in DNA repair, in patients with pancreatic cancer who have had surgery to remove their tumor and carry a mutation in BRCA1, BRCA2, or PALB2. This phase II trial aims to determine if olaparib can improve relapse-free survival compared to placebo after chemotherapy completion. The study also explores overall survival and differences based on mutation type and chemotherapy received. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group receives oral olaparib twice daily for 28-day cycles, up to 12 cycles, while the other group receives a placebo on the same schedule. Throughout treatment, patients undergo CT or MRI scans and blood collection. After treatment, patients are followed for up to 10 years with regular visits to monitor health and disease status. During the study, participants complete imaging scans and blood tests to assess disease progression and treatment effects. Researchers track relapse-free survival from the time of randomization until disease recurrence or death, with assessments extending up to 44 months. Safety and survival outcomes are monitored for up to 10 years. Follow-up visits occur 30 days after treatment and then every 4 months in the first year, followed by every 6 months for years 2 through 10.

Researchers are investigating the wide range of molecular features found in people receiving care within a large community healthcare system who are at risk of or diagnosed with cancer. The study aims to understand the genetic factors behind premalignant and malignant conditions across various cancer types and stages. This research helps advance knowledge of cancer biology and supports the discovery of biomarkers linked to clinical outcomes. Participants will undergo comprehensive molecular profiling, including somatic tumor testing from tissue and/or blood samples using next-generation sequencing. Some samples may also receive whole exome or transcriptome sequencing for research purposes. Pharmacogenomic testing will help explore how individuals respond differently to medications, and participants may optionally provide microbiome samples. Participants may also consent to store biological samples in a biobank and allow their de-identified data to be used for future research. During the study, electronic health records will be reviewed both retrospectively and prospectively to connect clinical data with genomic findings. Researchers will measure how many patients undergo molecular profiling, are referred for genetic testing or targeted clinical trials, and have therapy changes based on molecular or pharmacogenomic results. The study spans five years, with long-term follow-up and data collection to support ongoing research and collaboration in cancer studies.

Researchers are evaluating the Freenome Multiomics Blood Test as a new way to screen for lung cancer in people at high risk. This observational study includes adults aged 50 and older who are current or former smokers with a significant smoking history. The goal is to see how well this blood test works alongside the standard Low-Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) screening to detect lung cancer early. Participants will provide a blood sample of 50 ml that will be tested and stored by Freenome or its designee. They will also undergo a standard LDCT chest scan, ideally on the same day as the blood draw or within 45 days afterward. The study collects additional information such as medical history, lifestyle, environmental exposures, and results from diagnostic tests related to lung cancer detection. Participants will be monitored for at least 24 months following their baseline chest CT scan to track health outcomes. Researchers will review clinical data, imaging reports, and lab results during this period. The main outcome measured is the blood test's sensitivity and specificity in detecting lung cancer at 12 months, with additional measurements at 24 months. The study may end early if participants withdraw or pass away.