Neuroimaging Reveals Treatment-related Changes in Developmental Language Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial Supplement

What this Trial Is About

Late talking affects about 10% to 20% of children under 3 years old and is marked by delays in vocabulary and grammar similar to those seen in preschoolers with developmental language disorder (DLD). Researchers are studying the brain and behavioral factors that influence late talking, aiming to better understand the memory and language processes involved and how they relate to changes from treatment. This study builds on existing research about memory systems and brain structures involved in language learning. The study compares children with late talking who receive a structured intervention program to improve grammar, vocabulary, and communication, with those who do not receive treatment during the study. The intervention includes teaching parents and providing direct support to children over 6 to 8 weeks. Additionally, typically developing peers are included to help understand differences related to late talking. Brain imaging using diffusion techniques will measure changes in brain connectivity before, after, and following a break in treatment. Participants will undergo brain scans and behavioral assessments at multiple points: before the intervention, after 6 to 8 weeks of treatment, and after a follow-up period. Researchers will measure language skills using various tools, including parent and clinician reports and play-based samples. The study also collects qualitative data from parents and clinicians to understand treatment outcomes. The total participation time covers these assessments and imaging sessions, helping to link brain changes with language improvements and treatment effects.

Using Neuroimaging and Behavioral Assessments to Understand Late Talking