Prevalence of chronic pelvic pain among women: an updated review.
Alebtekin Ahangari
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24658485/Actively Recruiting
Led by David Moss · Updated on 2026-04-14
64
Participants Needed
1
Research Sites
N/A
Total Duration
Researchers are evaluating whether acupuncture, specifically the Dragons protocol, can help reduce chronic pelvic pain in women aged 21 to 65. This study focuses on non-endometriosis pelvic pain and includes women both with and without a history of sexual assault. The Dragons protocol acupuncture aims to address both physical pain and emotional trauma by combining external and internal acupuncture treatments to reprocess traumatic memories and potentially calm the nervous system. Participants will first undergo 4 weeks of standard pain care such as physical therapy, psychotherapy, or usual medical management. Then, the same women will receive acupuncture treatments once weekly for 4 weeks using the Dragons protocol. The acupuncture involves placing needles on both the back external dragons and front internal dragons of the body during each session, aiming to balance traumatic memories and pain responses. Throughout the study, participants will complete pain assessments using the Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale DVPRS and the Female Genitourinary Pain Index GUPI at multiple visits from week 0 to week 11. Women with a history of sexual trauma will also complete the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 PCL-5 to evaluate changes in PTSD symptoms. Visits include screening, baseline, weekly acupuncture sessions, and follow-ups, some of which may be virtual. Researchers will monitor pain levels and quality of life to understand the impact of the acupuncture treatment.
CONDITIONS
Acupuncture for Chronic Pelvic Pain
A
Amanda Crawford, MSHS
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David Moss
Lead Sponsor
This table compares participation in this trial with other options available for this condition. The information is drawn from published research and the trial’s study details and is provided for educational purposes only.
| Factors | Acupuncture (Dragons protocol) | Standard of care therapies | Guideline‑based multidisciplinary care (external context) |
|---|---|---|---|
| What this is | A crossover condition where participants receive acupuncture using the Dragons protocol alongside existing therapies. | A crossover condition of usual care including physical therapy, psychotherapy, behavioral health, and primary care management. | Current guideline‑recommended care involves a biopsychosocial model combining psychological support, physiotherapy, medical and behavioral treatments. |
| Role in trial | Investigational therapeutic condition administered per Dragons protocol. | Comparator condition reflecting usual care provided to participants. | Represents standard-of-care outside the trial used as external context. |
| Primary use | Investigational therapy intended to relieve chronic pelvic pain. | Usual therapeutic approach combining physical, behavioral, and primary care interventions. | Recommended comprehensive treatment strategy for chronic pelvic pain from guidelines. |
| How it’s delivered | Participants receive acupuncture following a scripted Dragons protocol. | Participants receive physical therapy, psychotherapy, behavioral health and primary care treatments as available. | Delivered by a coordinated team including physiotherapists, behavioral therapists, pain specialists and primary care providers. |
| Evidence status | Investigational; evidence emerging but not yet established from high‑quality RCTs for chronic pelvic pain. | Established therapies with variable effectiveness; core elements in clinical management. | Supported by clinical guideline consensus as the comprehensive standard-of‑care approach. |
| Important risks | Safety profile not detailed in registry; acupuncture may involve minor procedural risks but trial has not reported specific harms yet. | Safety depends on components; physical therapy and behavioral interventions generally low risk when supervised. | Considered to have favorable safety profile when administered by trained professionals in structured teams. |
| Important limitations | Results may not generalize beyond military female beneficiaries; Dragons protocol is specific and may lack scalability. | Usual care may vary in content and intensity between providers and providers’ access to modalities. | Access to full multidisciplinary teams may be limited by local resource availability. |
Disclaimer: This comparison is created with the help of artificial intelligence(AI) and may contain errors or missing information. It is not medical advice and does not mean one option is better or safer than another. Clinical trials are still being studied, and joining a trial is your choice. Please consult your healthcare professional before making any decisions.
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Duration - 2 to 4 weeks
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial.
1 visit (in-person)
Duration - 4 weeks
Participants receive standard pain control therapies such as physical therapy, psychotherapy, behavioral health, and primary care management for chronic pelvic pain for 4 weeks prior to acupuncture treatment.
1 baseline visit at week 0 and 1 visit at week 4 (in-person)
Duration - 4 weeks
Participants receive weekly acupuncture treatment using Dragon's protocol once per week for 4 weeks to help reduce chronic pelvic pain and possibly improve PTSD symptoms for those with a history of sexual trauma.
4 weekly visits (in-person)
Duration - 4 weeks
Participants are assessed for pain and PTSD symptoms approximately 4 weeks after completion of acupuncture treatment to evaluate treatment effects.
1 visit (may be virtual) at week 11
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Masking
NONE
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Model
CROSSOVER
Primary Purpose
TREATMENT
Number of Arms
2
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Alebtekin Ahangari
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21901713/Pei Shuang Li, Xue Mei Peng, Xiang Xin Niu...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36716811/David Moss
Lead Sponsor