Comparing Single-Drug and Combination Therapies for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infections Using Target Trial Emulation

What this Trial Is About

This observational study focuses on adult patients with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections, analyzing different treatment approaches to understand which is more effective. Researchers aim to determine if combined drug therapies provide better outcomes compared to monotherapy, particularly looking at all-cause mortality within 30 days. The study uses target trial emulation methodology to compare these treatment strategies in real-world hospital settings. Participants are observed based on whether they receive single-drug or combination therapy for their infections. The study includes different infection episodes if they occur more than 30 days apart. It excludes patients with certain conditions such as polymicrobial infections or those who received inappropriate therapy. No experimental treatments are administered since this is an observational analysis of existing treatment practices. Throughout the study, researchers monitor all-cause mortality at 30 and 60 days, as well as the frequency of complications and adverse events within 60 days. Data collection focuses on patient outcomes after hospital admission and treatment. The total duration of participation varies depending on the timing of infection episodes and follow-up periods. This study is sponsored by the Instituto de Investigacin Sanitaria Gregorio Maran.

Combination vs. Monotherapy for Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia Infections