Nausea

Researchers are comparing the effectiveness of two serotonin receptor blockers, palonosetron and granisetron, given with dexamethasone to prevent early and delayed postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in adolescents and adults with idiopathic scoliosis undergoing posterior spinal fusion surgery using total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). The study aims to find out which drug better prevents nausea and vomiting, the need for rescue medications, side effects, and patient satisfaction. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: one group receives palonosetron before anesthesia begins and saline placebo at wound closure, while the other group receives saline placebo before anesthesia and granisetron at wound closure. Both groups will also receive dexamethasone as part of their antiemetic treatment. Standard anesthesia with remifentanil and propofol will be used, and morphine will be given before surgery ends for pain. During the study, nausea, vomiting, and retching will be monitored at 1, 4, 12, 24, and 48 hours after surgery. Researchers will evaluate the need for additional antiemetic drugs, any side effects from the study drugs, and patient satisfaction at 48 hours. The trial is double-blinded and randomized, with a total planned enrollment of 92 participants aged 10 years and older with idiopathic scoliosis.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of Amisulpride to treat and prevent Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) in adult patients undergoing bariatric surgery. This phase III/IV randomized, placebo-controlled, patient-blinded crossover pilot study involves adults aged 18 to 65 years at a single surgery site in the Pacific Northwest. The study aims to compare Amisulpride with placebo to understand its role in managing PONV after bariatric procedures. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either a single intravenous dose of Amisulpride (5 mg) or a placebo at the start of anesthesia. Those initially given placebo who experience nausea or vomiting in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) undergo a second randomization to receive either a 10 mg dose of Amisulpride or placebo as first-line treatment for PONV. The study includes several types of bariatric surgeries such as robotic, laparoscopic, and open procedures. During the study, patients will be monitored in the PACU for up to 60 to 120 minutes to assess response to treatment. Researchers will track the number of patients achieving complete response, the incidence of nausea and vomiting, use of rescue medications, and other related outcomes up to 24 hours after surgery. This will help evaluate the effectiveness of Amisulpride in preventing and treating PONV. The total duration of participation depends on hospital stay and follow-up within 24 hours post-surgery.

This observational study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Danning Tablets in relieving dyspepsia symptoms in patients who experience digestive issues such as upper abdominal pain, bloating, loss of appetite, acid reflux, or constipation. It seeks to understand how factors like symptom severity, patient demographics, dosage, and treatment duration influence the tablets' impact. The study is sponsored by Shanghai Hutchison Pharmaceuticals Limited and focuses on patients already using Danning Tablets in their regular care. Participants in this study are adults aged 18 to 75 who are currently taking Danning Tablets for indigestion symptoms as part of their regular treatment. The study involves collecting questionnaire responses at two and four weeks after starting their treatment to assess changes in symptoms and quality of life. There is no control group since this is an observational study of patients already taking the medication. Throughout the study, participants will complete assessments measuring the rate of symptom improvement, including dyspepsia symptom relief, gastrointestinal symptom rating scales, abdominal pain ratings, and quality of life using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Adverse events are also monitored during the two- and four-week periods. The main outcome is the responder rate for dyspepsia symptoms at four weeks after enrollment, with all participation lasting up to four weeks.

Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a disorder mainly seen in children, characterized by repeated episodes of severe vomiting and abdominal pain often linked with migraine symptoms. This condition causes significant disability and greatly impacts quality of life, with many children requiring emergency care. Current treatments mainly involve antidepressants, which can have serious side effects and are often ineffective, highlighting the need for safer, non-drug therapies. The study aims to evaluate the effects of non-invasive auricular neurostimulation, specifically percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation (PENFS), on reducing CVS episode frequency, duration, and severity in children aged 5 to 18 years. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either active or sham PENFS therapy. The active treatment involves auricular vagus nerve stimulation using a device worn on the outer ear for 5 consecutive days per week over 5 weeks. The sham group will use a similar device without active stimulation for the same duration. This randomized, sham-controlled design allows comparison of the effects of PENFS on CVS symptoms while maintaining blinding. During the study, children will be monitored for changes in the burden of CVS episodes from baseline to 6 months after treatment ends. Researchers will assess outcomes including episode frequency, duration, severity, and quality of life using validated scales. Follow-up will continue for 12 months after therapy completion, with regular evaluations of symptoms and functional disability. Safety will be monitored throughout, with adherence to treatment and symptom tracking recorded to understand PENFS's impact on this condition.

Dyspepsia includes a variety of upper digestive symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and heartburn, affecting up to 40% of people worldwide and lowering quality of life. This study evaluates a natural product called Chios mastic water, which has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Researchers aim to see if a beverage enriched with this extract can improve dyspepsia symptoms and quality of life in adults. This is a 3-month randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial involving adults aged 30 to 60 years with dyspepsia. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups: the intervention group receives 600 mL daily of a sparkling beverage enriched with 0.2% natural mastic aqueous extract, while the control group receives an identical placebo beverage without active ingredients. Both groups consume three 200 mL bottles daily for three months. Participants are asked to maintain their usual diet, physical activity, and medical treatments during the trial. The study team and participants are blinded to group assignments. At the start and end of the study, researchers assess body measurements, lifestyle habits, dyspepsia symptom severity, and quality of life. Blood samples are collected to measure biochemical markers like glucose metabolism, liver enzymes, and inflammatory markers. Researchers monitor side effects and may stop the intervention if needed. The primary outcome is the change in dyspepsia symptom severity after 12 weeks, along with changes in quality of life and inflammatory markers.

Researchers are evaluating LY3537021 to see how well it controls nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy in adults with cancer. This phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled study aims to assess both the effectiveness and safety of LY3537021 when added to standard antiemetic treatments. Participants are adults who have not previously received chemotherapy and are planned to receive specific chemotherapy drugs. Before chemotherapy, participants receive either LY3537021 or a placebo, both given as a subcutaneous injection. Alongside this, they receive standard of care antiemetic therapies, which may be given orally, intravenously, or through the skin. The chemotherapy drugs used include cisplatin or anthracycline and cyclophosphamide, administered intravenously. The study includes a randomized assignment to one of the two treatment groups and is expected to last about two months for each participant. Participants will be monitored for nausea and vomiting responses up to 120 hours after chemotherapy infusion. Researchers will collect data on complete response rates, nausea levels, and medication use. Pharmacokinetics of LY3537021 will also be assessed during the treatment cycles. Safety will be monitored throughout the study, and participants will be involved until all study parts are completed, with various assessments done at regular intervals.

Researchers are evaluating the effects of Tradipitant on treating nausea and vomiting caused by GLP-1 receptor agonist use in adults who are overweight or have class I or II obesity. This phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled study includes healthy volunteers without serious medical issues or diabetes. The goal is to better understand how Tradipitant impacts these symptoms compared to a placebo. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either Tradipitant or a placebo, both given as oral capsules twice daily for about two weeks. The study has two treatment arms: one receiving Tradipitant and the other receiving a placebo. The study uses quadruple masking to ensure unbiased results. During the study, participants will record nausea and vomiting symptoms daily in a symptom diary. Researchers will measure the proportion of participants experiencing vomiting episodes and assess nausea severity over one week. The study will monitor safety and side effects throughout, with the total participation duration around two weeks of treatment.

Researchers are studying nutritional support strategies for critically ill patients with impaired gastrointestinal function, focusing on how to best achieve energy and protein intake goals. The study investigates the use of enteral nutrition alone versus a combination of enteral nutrition and supplemental parenteral nutrition (SPN) in patients who have impaired gastric emptying and reduced intestinal absorption. This research addresses the challenge of feeding intolerance and malnutrition in intensive care patients and explores muscle mass and function as important factors in nutrition efficacy. The study randomly assigns patients with diagnosed gastrointestinal dysfunction to one of two groups: one receiving gradual increases in enteral nutrition based on tolerance, and the other receiving a mix of enteral trophic feeding plus SPN to meet nutritional targets. Nutritional needs are monitored daily by indirect calorimetry, and gastrointestinal function is assessed with ultrasound gastric residual volume and a paracetamol absorption test. The SPN group aims to reach 80% of nutritional goals by day five, while the enteral nutrition group aims for full caloric intake as tolerated. Participants are monitored through various evaluations including muscle thickness via ultrasound, lean body mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and muscle strength with a handgrip dynamometer at admission and on days 10 and 15. The study measures daily calorie and protein intake adequacy, metabolic markers, and clinical outcomes such as mortality up to 28 days. Nutritional status, muscle function, and energy utilization are carefully assessed throughout the study to understand the impact of the tailored feeding protocols.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common and distressing complications following surgery, especially in patients at high risk. They can affect up to 80% of these patients without preventive treatment and often continue after patients return home, impacting recovery and satisfaction. This research aims to evaluate whether adding a 40 mg dose of aprepitant to a standard multimodal prevention strategy improves outcomes in high-risk patients undergoing outpatient surgery. Participants will receive either a single oral capsule of 40 mg aprepitant or a placebo just before being taken to the operating room. Both groups will also receive the usual antiemetic preventive care. This randomized, triple-blind study compares the effects of aprepitant plus standard treatment versus placebo plus standard treatment in preventing PONV after outpatient surgery. During the study, researchers will monitor the absence of nausea, vomiting, or the need for rescue treatment within 48 hours after surgery as the primary outcome. Additional assessments include the severity and frequency of nausea and vomiting at recovery room discharge, 24 hours, and 48 hours post-surgery. The study will also track medical costs, recovery quality, side effects, patient satisfaction, and pain medication use. Participants' involvement will last through these monitoring periods to capture relevant data on PONV outcomes and safety.

Researchers are evaluating whether a new clinical decision support (CDS) tool integrated into the electronic health record can improve the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in adults undergoing planned surgery with general anesthesia. The study aims to see if this tool increases the appropriate use of PONV prevention and lowers the rate of PONV compared to standard care. The trial uses a repeated crossover design over 12 months to test the tool's impact on clinical practice and patient outcomes. The intervention involves the AW-D Clinical Decision Support Tool, which delivers automated reminders to anesthesia providers at key times during surgery, such as before surgery starts, after anesthesia induction, and before the patient wakes up. These alerts are personalized based on each patient's risk factors for PONV and serve as reminders rather than mandates. The study alternates between periods when the tool is active and when it is not, including washout and control phases. Participants will be adult patients undergoing general anesthesia with planned surgery. Researchers will monitor how often PONV prevention medications are given appropriately during surgery and track the incidence of PONV within three hours after surgery. They will also measure the length of stay in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). The study involves no direct intervention on patients beyond standard care and data collection. The total participation duration varies with each surgical case and immediate postoperative period.