Back on the Road: Comparing Cognitive Assessments to Driving Simulators in Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injuries.
Debra S Ouellette, Stephanie Kaplan, Emily R Rosario
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36672036/Actively Recruiting
Led by Sacred Heart University · Updated on 2026-01-30
50
Participants Needed
1
Research Sites
26 weeks
Total Duration
Researchers are studying adults with acquired brain injuries to see how driving simulation training affects their readiness for on-road driving. The goal is to improve participants comfort, confidence, and independence in driving through this training. The study builds on earlier phases and aims to gather information on how simulation training improves pre-driving skills compared to traditional occupational therapy. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups one group will complete eight sessions using the Drive Safety R-300 driving simulator, which offers realistic driving scenarios with interactive traffic and motor tasks that become gradually more challenging. The other group will receive eight sessions of traditional occupational therapy focused on improving strength, coordination, mobility, and self-care related to their brain injury. After completing their assigned sessions, all participants will be referred to a certified driving rehabilitation specialist for behind-the-wheel assessments. During the study, participants will undergo pre- and post-testing using assessments such as the Useful Field of View, Motor Free Visual Perceptual Test, and Trails A and B to measure readiness to drive. The behind-the-wheel assessment will serve as a secondary outcome. The study includes random assignment to groups and single masking. Participant involvement will last about 8 to 16 weeks, with assessments conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate changes in driving-related skills and abilities.
CONDITIONS
Driving Simulator Training For Adults With Acquired Brain Injuries
S
Sheelagh M Schlegel, DrHSc, MPH, OTR/L
S
Stefanie Seanor, EdD., MBA, OTR/L
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Sacred Heart University
Lead Sponsor
This table compares participation in this trial with other options available for this condition. The information is drawn from published research and the trial’s study details and is provided for educational purposes only.
| Factors | Driving Simulator Training | Traditional Occupational Therapy |
|---|---|---|
| What it is | Immersive training using the Drive Safety R-300 simulator. Participants complete driving tasks with guided feedback and increasingly complex motor exercises to improve real-world driving abilities. | Sessions using traditional occupational therapy techniques. Focus on improving functional mobility, self-care, leisure, and work performance through individualized exercise and occupation-based tasks. |
| Role in the trial | Experimental arm. Participants receive simulator training prior to behind-the-wheel assessment. | Active comparator. Participants receive traditional occupational therapy as their pre-driving rehabilitation. |
| Primary use | Intended to retrain and evaluate driving skills in adults after acquired brain injury, improving motor skills and transfer to real-life driving. | Supports rehabilitation of occupational function, mobility, and practical skills as part of broader pre-driving recovery following brain injury. |
| How it is given/performed | Delivered through structured sessions on the driving simulator, with feedback and scenarios gradually increasing in difficulty. Interactive traffic, scripted events, and environmental variation are used. | Delivered through individualized therapy sessions targeting deficits identified by assessment. Interventions include exercises, self-care tasks, and other occupation-based activities. |
| Evidence status | Early research suggests simulator-based driving rehabilitation is feasible and may improve certain cognitive and motor performance metrics, but published evidence remains preliminary with small sample sizes and limited long-term outcome data. | Widely accepted as effective for functional recovery after acquired brain injury, but limited data specifically address pre-driving rehabilitation outcomes. Most evidence focuses on overall occupational function rather than driving skills. |
| Important limitations | Simulator-based interventions may not generalize to real-world driving, and some participants may experience simulator sickness or find immersive tasks difficult. Evidence for long-term impact on driving safety is limited. | Traditional occupational therapy may lack specific driving task exposure. It is effective for overall function but may not address complex driving behaviours or on-road skills. Limited evidence for direct transfer to driving performance. |
Disclaimer: This comparison is created with the help of artificial intelligence(AI) and may contain errors or missing information. It is not medical advice and does not mean one option is better or safer than another. Clinical trials are still being studied, and joining a trial is your choice. Please consult your healthcare professional before making any decisions.
You may qualify if you...
You will not qualify if you...
Duration - 2 to 4 weeks
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial.
1 visit (in-person)
Duration - Approximately 4 to 8 weeks
Participants receive either eight sessions of driving simulator training or eight sessions of traditional occupational therapy to improve driving readiness after acquired brain injury.
Eight sessions for either intervention
Duration - Up to 8 weeks
Participants are referred to a certified driving rehabilitation specialist for behind-the-wheel assessments after completing the training sessions.
1 to 2 visits for behind-the-wheel assessments
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Masking
SINGLE
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Model
PARALLEL
Primary Purpose
TREATMENT
Number of Arms
2
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28559646/Sacred Heart University
Lead Sponsor