Baghdad

Researchers are evaluating the effect of Ibuprofen on reducing the acute inflammatory response after one-stage non-surgical periodontal therapy in adults with periodontitis. The study aims to answer whether Ibuprofen effectively lowers markers of inflammation such as hs-CRP, Procalcitonin, and IL-6 following this dental treatment. This is a randomized clinical trial focused on patients with generalized unstable periodontitis and a pocket depth of 4 mm or more. Participants will first attend a baseline visit where demographic information, clinical examination, and baseline blood samples will be collected. All will receive scaling and oral hygiene instructions, and one week later, clinical parameters will be recorded again. The test group will receive Ibuprofen doses starting one hour before root surface debridement and continuing three times daily for three days, while the control group will undergo the same dental procedure without Ibuprofen. Root surface debridement will be performed by a single periodontist, and treatment duration will be recorded. Participants will attend a follow-up visit one week after root surface debridement to collect blood samples, complete a pain questionnaire, and record plaque index to assess oral hygiene compliance. The main outcomes measured are changes in systemic inflammatory markers after seven days and postoperative pain using a visual analog scale. The study involves active monitoring of clinical parameters and patient-reported pain over the course of one week following treatment.

This research aims to compare the effectiveness of a toy nebulizer versus distraction cards in reducing fear among children during nebulization therapy and to measure parental satisfaction. The study focuses on children aged 3 to 6 years undergoing nebulization for acute respiratory conditions such as asthma or bronchitis. It evaluates whether these two non-drug distraction methods differ in their impact on childrens fear and parents satisfaction during therapy. Participants are assigned to one of two groups one uses an interactive animal-shaped toy nebulizer with playful breathing games, while the other uses colorful distraction cards featuring engaging images and interactive questions. Each child receives three 10- to 15-minute sessions per week for four weeks in a pediatric clinic setting. Throughout the sessions, fear is assessed using the Child Fear Scale, and parental satisfaction is measured with a 5-point Likert scale. During the study, children and their parents are evaluated before and after each session to capture fear levels and satisfaction. Parents complete questionnaires, and childrens emotional responses are observed. The study analyzes these data to determine differences between groups. The total participation involves multiple sessions over four weeks, with ongoing monitoring to support therapy adherence and comfort during nebulization.

Researchers are evaluating a new 3D printed reverse twin block appliance to manage maxillary deficiency in children aged 8 to 13 years with class III malocclusion. This study compares the clinical outcomes of this novel device to those of a conventional reverse twin block appliance over a 6-month treatment period. The main goal is to assess how effectively the 3D printed appliance corrects sagittal jaw discrepancies compared to the traditional device. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either the 3D printed appliance, designed and fabricated using CAD software and photopolymer resin, or the conventional appliance made from acrylic resin. Both appliances include an expansion screw to assist in expanding and protracting the maxilla. The study lasts for 6 months, with evaluations occurring at the start, after 3 months, and after 6 months of treatment. Throughout the study, participants will undergo assessments including lateral cephalometric radiographs to measure sagittal jaw changes, study models to evaluate transverse relationships, and evaluations of vertical jaw position, soft tissue profile, and incisor inclination. Patient feedback on appliance experience and oral hygiene impacts will also be collected using questionnaires and oral hygiene indices. The total participation time covers a 6-month treatment period with scheduled clinical visits for monitoring and data collection.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma DLBCL is the most common and aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with rapid tumor growth and symptoms varying by tumor location. The disease is classified using advanced methods like immunohistochemistry and molecular testing to guide prognosis and personalized treatment. Despite standard immunochemotherapy curing 60-70% of patients, many experience treatment failure or relapse, and options after second-line therapies remain limited. This observational study examines treatment patterns, demographic, and clinical characteristics of DLBCL patients in the Middle East and Africa. It includes two patient groups those newly diagnosed and eligible for treatment, and those with relapsed or refractory DLBCL who have failed previous therapies. The study aims to explore access to novel therapies and understand real-world treatment approaches in these regions. Participants will be observed over 22 months, during which researchers will document treatment regimens, patient risk profiles, and access to new treatments. Data collection includes patient demographics, disease characteristics, and treatment outcomes. The study does not involve experimental treatments but gathers detailed information to inform future care strategies for DLBCL patients.

Researchers are evaluating the accuracy of the New Injury Severity Score NISS in predicting mortality and other outcomes in patients with blunt trauma admitted to the Emergency Department of Kadhimiya Educational Hospital in Iraq. This prospective observational study aims to understand how well NISS predicts death, the need for intensive care, and the length of hospital stay among trauma patients, addressing a research gap in resource-limited healthcare settings. Participants admitted with blunt trauma will be assessed using the NISS score within the first six hours of arrival to the emergency department to ensure accurate trauma evaluation. Their clinical progress, including mortality, need for intensive care, hospital stay duration, and surgical interventions, will be monitored throughout hospitalization, averaging six days. During the study, patients anatomical injuries and physiological parameters will be documented to calculate the NISS. Researchers will track outcomes such as in-hospital mortality and length of hospitalization, with follow-ups at days 7 and 30 after discharge. This study will provide valuable information on the usefulness of NISS in managing blunt trauma in Iraq and contribute to improving trauma care protocols.

Researchers are evaluating the clinical outcomes of two treatments, bevacizumab and aflibercept, in patients with diabetic maculopathies, a condition affecting the eyes due to diabetes. The study focuses on changes in visual function by testing visual acuity and anatomical changes by measuring macular thickness and edema using optical coherence tomography OCT. It also aims to analyze the cost-effectiveness and safety profiles of these treatments, including any adverse events linked to changes in visual function. Participants will receive either bevacizumab or aflibercept through intravitreal injections once a month for three consecutive months. Bevacizumab is given as a 1.25 mg dose, and aflibercept as a 2.0 mg dose, both in a 0.05 ml solution. The study is open-label and compares these two groups in parallel to assess differences in safety and efficacy. During the study, participants will visit the clinic monthly for checkups before and after the three-month treatment period. Assessments include measuring intraocular pressure using pneumotonometry, central foveal thickness by OCT, and visual acuity using a Snellen chart. Researchers will also measure serum VEGF levels before treatment and seven days after the third dose. Outcome measures include visual acuity, macular thickness, treatment-related adverse events, quality of life, and adherence to therapy.

Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm BPDCN is a very rare blood cancer with no agreed-upon best treatment. Researchers are working internationally to gather detailed information on how BPDCN presents, how it is diagnosed, the treatments patients receive, and their outcomes. The study aims to build a large database to better understand the disease and to develop treatment recommendations based on collected data. This study is an international registry collecting information from multiple centers about patients diagnosed with BPDCN. It includes both retrospective and prospective data from patients worldwide. The data collected covers patient details, disease characteristics, treatment information, outcomes, causes of death, and the conclusion of data collection. Consent will be obtained from prospective patients, and quality control is managed by the Immune Oncology Research Institute. Participants will provide information through questionnaires completed by their treatment centers. Researchers will analyze overall survival, complete remission rates, duration of first remission, and event-free survival over five years. This observational study does not involve treatment but gathers and monitors detailed clinical data to improve understanding and guide future therapies for BPDCN.

This research aims to evaluate the use of autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate BMAC to treat anterior cruciate ligament ACL tears, focusing on partial and complete tears without retraction. The ACL is essential for knee stability and is commonly injured in athletes. Traditional treatments vary from conservative care for partial tears to surgery for complete tears, but this study explores a regenerative medicine approach using BMAC to potentially promote healing and restore knee function. Participants receive a local injection of 4 cc of autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate into the injured knee joint. The bone marrow is collected from the patient under local or general anesthesia by aspirating about 1-2 cckg of body weight, concentrated using centrifugation and a special disposable kit, then injected under ultrasound guidance in a sterile field. This is a single-arm study conducted at multiple centers. During the 6-month study, participants will undergo clinical assessments of ACL function and overall knee stability every 12 weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging MRI of the knee will be performed at 6 months to monitor structural changes. The study tracks functional recovery and joint stability to assess the potential benefits of BMAC treatment in ACL tears.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of intralesional ciprofloxacin 0.2% solution compared to intralesional sodium stibogluconate SSG 10% intravenous solution for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis. This phase 2 randomized parallel groups clinical trial aims to compare these two local injection therapies for patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions. Participants are divided into two groups receiving either weekly intralesional injections of ciprofloxacin at a dose of 2 mgcm2 or sodium stibogluconate at 1 mgcm2. Both treatments are given once weekly for up to six weeks. Each lesion is injected using a fine insulin needle until the base is blanched, with volumes ranging from 0.2 to 4.0 ml per lesion depending on size. Treatment stops early if lesions are cured before six weeks. During the study, each lesion is followed for up to 90 days or until it is cured. Patients attend weekly visits for injections and lesion assessments. Researchers measure the cure rate from enrollment to the end of treatment within the 90-day follow-up. Safety and response are closely monitored throughout the study period.

Researchers are evaluating a new clear orthodontic expander made from a 2-mm biocompatible polyethylene terephthalate glycol PETG material with an expansion screw to see how well it achieves dental and skeletal expansion in adolescents. This is compared to a conventional Hyrax expander in a randomized clinical trial involving patients aged 10 to 14 years with malocclusion and narrow maxilla. The study will be conducted at multiple dental centers including the University of Baghdad and affiliated clinics. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups one using the new clear expander and the other using the Hyrax expander. The clear expander is custom-made using a 3D-printed maxillary dental cast, incorporating a standard or universal expansion screw. Both expanders will be activated twice daily with 0.2 mm turns until the desired maxillary arch expansion is reached. Patients using the clear expander will wear it 24 hours daily except during eating and cleaning. During the study, participants will undergo CBCT scans and intraoral scans before and immediately after treatment, approximately one to two months apart. Clinical and cephalometric evaluations will also be performed, along with microbial assessments after one month. Patients will complete questionnaires about their treatment experience and satisfaction. Data will be analyzed statistically to compare the effectiveness and clinical performance of the two devices.