Baghdad

Researchers are studying the effect of Ibuprofen on reducing acute inflammatory markers such as hs-CRP, Procalcitonin, and IL-6 after one-stage non-surgical periodontal therapy in adults with periodontitis. This Phase 4 randomized clinical trial aims to determine if Ibuprofen can effectively lower inflammation one hour and one week following the treatment compared to no Ibuprofen use. All participants will have a baseline visit where demographic data, clinical periodontal parameters, and blood samples will be collected. After one week, all will receive full mouth root surface debridement using Gracey curettes. The test group will take 400 mg Ibuprofen starting one hour before the procedure and then three times daily for three days, while the control group will not receive Ibuprofen. Both groups will follow oral hygiene instructions and use the same toothpaste, toothbrush, and interdental aids provided. Participants will be monitored one week after the root surface debridement with blood sample collection to measure inflammatory markers and plaque index assessment to monitor oral hygiene compliance. A visual analogue scale questionnaire will evaluate patient experience. The primary outcome is the change in systemic inflammatory biomarkers seven days after the therapy. Treatment time and patient rest breaks during procedures will be recorded to ensure comfort and consistency.

This research aims to evaluate how well the New Injury Severity Score (NISS) predicts mortality outcomes in patients with blunt trauma admitted to the Emergency Department at Kadhimiya Educational Hospital in Iraq. The study focuses on patients who have experienced blunt trauma from incidents such as motor vehicle accidents, falls, or assaults. It seeks to determine the accuracy of NISS in forecasting mortality and other outcomes like the need for intensive care and length of hospital stay, addressing a gap in trauma assessment research in Iraq. Participants will be assessed using the NISS within the first six hours of their admission to the emergency department to ensure precise trauma evaluation. The study does not involve assigned treatments or interventions but observes patients' clinical courses and outcomes while applying the NISS scoring system. The scoring considers the three most severe injuries regardless of location, aiming to provide a comprehensive assessment of trauma severity. During the study, patients' clinical outcomes—including in-hospital mortality, need for intensive care, and hospital stay length—will be closely monitored from admission through discharge and at follow-up points on day 7 and day 30 post-discharge. Researchers will also evaluate the accuracy of NISS scores taken within the first six hours after emergency room admission. The total participation involves monitoring clinical progress during hospitalization and follow-up to gather detailed outcome data.

This clinical trial is focused on patients aged over 40 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have diabetic maculopathies, a condition affecting the retina of the eye. The study aims to compare the clinical outcomes after treatment with two drugs, bevacizumab and aflibercept. Researchers are evaluating both functional changes, such as improvements in visual acuity, and anatomical changes, including macular thickness and edema measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Secondary goals include analyzing the cost-effectiveness of the two treatments and monitoring their safety profiles including any adverse events. Participants will receive either bevacizumab (1.25 mg) or aflibercept (2.0 mg) through intravitreal injections into the eye once a month for three consecutive months. The study is designed as an open-label parallel groups clinical trial with monthly injections and follow-up visits. Each participant will have three doses of one of the anti-VEGF drugs to assess differences in safety and efficacy between the two treatment options. Throughout the trial, participants will visit the clinic monthly for checkups and assessments before and after the treatment period. Evaluations include measuring visual acuity using a Snellen chart, assessing central foveal thickness by OCT, and recording intraocular pressure using pneumotonometry. Researchers will also measure serum VEGF levels before treatment and seven days after the third injection. These assessments help monitor the functional and anatomical response to treatment and ensure participant safety over the three-month study duration.

Researchers are evaluating and comparing the effectiveness and patient feedback of three common antiseptic mouthwashes—Chlorhexidine (CHX), Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC), and Essential Oil (EO)—in people with fixed orthodontic braces. The study focuses on how these mouthwashes affect dental plaque, gum health, and levels of a specific inflammatory marker called salivary interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b2). Before starting, all participants will undergo a one-month preparation phase to ensure optimal oral health by receiving professional cleaning and standardized oral hygiene instructions to reduce any existing inflammation. Participants will be randomly assigned to use each mouthwash and a placebo in a crossover design. Each mouthwash will be used twice daily for seven days, rinsing with 15 mL for 30 seconds and avoiding eating or drinking for 30 minutes afterward. The four mouthwashes tested are chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12%, alcohol-free cetylpyridinium chloride 0.05%, essential oil formulation, and a placebo with no active ingredients. Between each mouthwash period, participants will have a two-week washout to clear the effects before starting the next mouthwash. During the study, participants will have saliva samples collected and clinical dental exams measuring plaque, gum inflammation, bleeding on probing, and pocket depth at baseline and after each treatment week. To standardize plaque buildup, participants will avoid all mechanical cleaning for four days before baseline assessments. The total duration includes preparation, testing each mouthwash with evaluations, and washout periods, allowing researchers to compare mouthwash effects on oral health and patient experience over time.

Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm (BPDCN) is a very rare blood cancer recognized as a distinct disease since 2008. There is currently no agreed-upon best treatment for BPDCN, and because the disease is so uncommon, international collaboration is needed to collect detailed information on how BPDCN presents, is diagnosed, and responds to different treatments. The study aims to build a large global database of BPDCN patients, examine disease characteristics and outcomes across various treatments, identify factors that affect prognosis, and develop treatment recommendations based on collected data. This study is an international registry collecting both past and new patient data from multiple centers worldwide. Participating centers gather detailed patient information through questionnaires, including patient and disease characteristics, treatment details, outcomes, causes of death, and the timing of data collection. The registry does not involve any experimental treatments but focuses on collecting comprehensive clinical data to better understand BPDCN. Participants provide informed consent if enrolled prospectively, and data quality is managed by the Immune Oncology Research Institute. Researchers will analyze overall survival over five years as a key outcome. This registry supports ongoing monitoring and data collection to improve knowledge about BPDCN and guide future treatment strategies.

The trial investigates the use of autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) as a treatment for complete and partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. The ACL is crucial for knee stability and is often injured in athletes involved in high-impact sports. Conventional treatments vary, especially between partial and complete tears, and this study explores BMAC's regenerative potential to promote ligament healing and restore knee function in ACL tears without retraction. Participants receive a local knee joint injection of autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate. This procedure involves aspirating bone marrow under local or general anesthesia, concentrating it using centrifugation and a special disposable kit, and then injecting 4 cc of the concentrate into the joint under ultrasonic guidance in a sterile field. The study is single-armed and multicenter, enrolling 20 patients aged 20 to 55 years. Throughout the study, participants undergo clinical assessments every 12 weeks for up to 6 months to evaluate functional recovery of the ACL and overall knee stability. The research team monitors healing progress and knee joint function using these evaluations, aiming to determine the safety and potential benefits of BMAC treatment for ACL tears.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of intralesional ciprofloxacin 0.2% solution as a local injection for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis. This study compares ciprofloxacin's effect to that of intralesional sodium stibogluconate (SSG) 10% intravenous solution. The trial is a phase 2 randomized parallel group clinical study focusing on patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis who have single or multiple lesions. Participants are divided into two groups: one receiving weekly intralesional injections of sodium stibogluconate and the other receiving intralesional ciprofloxacin injections. Each lesion is treated according to its size, with ciprofloxacin dosed at 2 mg/cm2 and sodium stibogluconate dosed at 1 mg/cm2. The treatment and follow-up period for each lesion lasts up to 90 days or until the lesion is cured. During the study, each lesion is considered separately for analysis, and patients are monitored regularly to assess the cure rate from enrollment to the end of treatment. Researchers track lesion healing and treatment response throughout the 90-day follow-up. Safety monitoring and effectiveness measurement help determine how well each treatment works for cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of a new clear orthodontic expander made from a biocompatible polyethylene terephthalate glycol material combined with an expansion screw. This clear expander is being compared with the conventional Hyrax expander in adolescent patients aged 10 to 14 years who have malocclusion and narrow maxilla. The study aims to measure dental and skeletal expansion achieved by these devices in a randomized clinical trial setting. The trial includes two groups: one using the clear expander and the other using the Hyrax expander. Both devices are activated twice daily with 0.2 mm turns for expansion. Patients with the clear expander will wear it 24 hours a day except during eating and cleaning. Expansion continues until the maxillary first molars' palatal cusps occlude the lingual side of the mandibular first molar buccal cusps to counteract soft tissue elasticity and expected relapse. Participants will undergo CBCT scans before treatment and immediately after treatment (around one to two months) to evaluate expansion results. Other assessments include intraoral scans, measurements of overjet and overbite, cephalometric imaging, microbial evaluation of cleaning methods for the clear expander, and patient questionnaires about treatment experience and satisfaction. Data will be analyzed statistically to assess the clinical effectiveness of the expanders.

Post-stroke hemiplegia often leads to impaired upper limb function, which greatly affects a person's independence and quality of life. Researchers are studying how combining mirror therapy and a soft robotic glove can help improve hand function recovery in patients who have experienced a stroke. This randomized controlled trial compares this combined approach to mirror therapy alone, soft robotic glove training alone, and conventional rehabilitation. Participants will receive one of four interventions: conventional rehabilitation focusing on upper limb function, mirror therapy using a visual illusion to stimulate movement, soft robotic glove training providing assisted hand movement, or a combination of mirror therapy plus the soft robotic glove. The rehabilitation program is structured and delivered over a set period, with clinical assessments conducted before and after the intervention. During the study, participants will be evaluated on upper limb motor function and hand use through standard clinical tools at baseline, during treatment at four weeks, immediately after six weeks of intervention, and at a three-month follow-up. Researchers will monitor motor recovery, functional hand performance, and independence in daily activities to assess the effectiveness of these therapies and support improved rehabilitation methods for stroke survivors.

This research evaluates the accuracy of two trauma scoring systems, MGAP and GAP, in predicting outcomes for patients with multiple injuries admitted to the emergency department at Al-Kadhimiya Teaching Hospital in Iraq. Trauma is a major global health challenge causing millions of deaths annually, especially in low- and middle-income countries, where rapid urbanization has increased injury rates. The study aims to determine which score better predicts patient prognosis and whether certain patient groups benefit more from one scoring system than the other. Participants will be assessed using both the MGAP score, which includes injury mechanism, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), age, and systolic blood pressure, and the GAP score, which uses GCS, age, and systolic blood pressure but omits injury mechanism for simplicity. These assessments occur upon arrival at the emergency department within 6 hours of injury. The study tracks clinical outcomes such as mortality, length of hospital stay, and need for surgery during the hospital stay. During the study, patients will be monitored for key outcomes including in-hospital mortality, with assessments of the MGAP and GAP scores' accuracy performed within the first 4 hours after emergency admission. Researchers will collect clinical data and follow patients through discharge over an average of 7 to 10 days. The study focuses on timely risk evaluation to improve trauma care and prognosis prediction in a low-resource setting.