Hypothyroidism

Researchers are investigating the gut microbiome in people with various serious chronic diseases such as liver cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, hypertension, acute coronary syndrome, primary aldosteronism, epilepsy, chronic kidney disease, and subclinical hypothyroidism. The study aims to better understand how the gut microbiota differs across these diseases and regions and to explore the impact of these differences on microbiota-based diagnostic models. This multicenter observational study addresses the challenges caused by variability in previous research and seeks to validate microbial biomarkers in large population-based groups. Participants include patients diagnosed with one of the target diseases and age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Each participant will provide information on demographics, body measurements, lifestyle, diet, medications, diseases, and biochemistry. Samples of feces, saliva, urine, and blood will be collected from all participants. No treatments or interventions are administered, as this is an observational study. The study is designed to enroll 500 patients and 500 controls for each disease group. Participants will be involved in a one-time assessment where researchers will collect biological samples and detailed health and lifestyle information. The main outcome measure is the baseline microbiome profile, with additional assessments including baseline biochemistry, metabonomics, and proteomics. The study includes adults aged 18 to 75 years living in the hospital's province for at least three years. The entire study aims to improve understanding of gut microbiota patterns across critical chronic diseases and their diagnostic potential.

Researchers are studying the use of a diagnostic device called ISAR-M THYRO to detect bleeding early after thyroid surgery. Postoperative bleeding occurs in 0.6 to 4% of patients, with most cases happening within the first 48 hours and potentially leading to serious complications or death. The study aims to improve early detection by continuously measuring neck pressure, which may indicate bleeding earlier than current symptom-based methods. Participants will have the ISAR-M THYRO device applied after thyroid surgery to continuously measure and digitally document neck pressure for up to 48 hours. The device includes alarms and a display that can be turned off. This observational study focuses on collecting data to assess the device's ability to detect bleeding early through pressure monitoring during the critical postoperative period. During the study, participants will be monitored for neck pressure changes using the device, and researchers will evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of bleeding detection within 48 hours after surgery. Safety of the device will be assessed for one month. The study helps understand if continuous pressure monitoring can provide timely alerts to reduce serious complications after thyroid surgery.

This research aims to evaluate the effects of thyroid hormone supplementation in patients undergoing hemodialysis who have elevated thyrotropin (TSH) levels, a common complication in chronic kidney disease. Previous studies have shown that higher TSH levels are linked to poorer quality of life and increased cardiovascular risks in these patients. The trial seeks to clarify whether levothyroxine treatment can improve patient-centered outcomes and cardiovascular health, as well as its metabolic effects in this population. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either levothyroxine or a matching placebo for 24 weeks. Initial doses depend on their TSH levels, with adjustments after 8 and 16 weeks based on follow-up TSH measurements, aiming to maintain TSH within a target range. Both groups undergo similar pill titration schedules to maintain study balance. The trial is double-blind and placebo-controlled to ensure unbiased results. During the study, participants will have assessments of quality of life, coronary artery calcification, physical performance, endothelial function, vascular markers, body fat, muscle strength, heart function, and energy expenditure at baseline and after 24 weeks. These evaluations help researchers determine the impact of levothyroxine on health-related quality of life and cardiovascular parameters. The total study participation spans approximately six months with regular monitoring.

Researchers are evaluating how well multiparametric ultrasound (mpUS) imaging can examine and provide information about cancerous and non-cancerous tissues. This study compares mpUS, which combines different ultrasound methods to show detailed tissue structure and blood flow, with standard ultrasound and other tests. The goal is to see if mpUS can offer a more accurate assessment, especially for pancreatic cancer and thyroid nodules. Participants will receive additional mpUS imaging during their standard ultrasound procedures, which adds about 5 to 15 minutes of scan time. There are three groups: patients at high risk for pancreatic cancer undergoing endoscopic ultrasound, patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma receiving endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsies, and patients having thyroid nodule biopsies. Healthy volunteers without cancer or thyroid nodules may also join. During the study, participants will undergo mpUS imaging alongside their usual care scans. Researchers will collect the extra ultrasound data to evaluate the feasibility of mpUS imaging. The main outcome is assessing how well mpUS works during the imaging procedures. This study is non-randomized, has no masking, and will continue until November 2027. Participants may be followed up as agreed, and the total added scan time is brief.

Researchers are evaluating the use of online outpatient follow-up compared to traditional offline follow-up for patients who have undergone surgery for papillary thyroid cancer. This randomized controlled trial aims to assess the adherence to outpatient procedures over a 12-month period. The study includes adults between 18 and 90 years old who have had thyroid surgery and are able to communicate in Chinese and use the internet for visits. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups: one group uses the Huayitong app for their post-operative follow-up, while the other group attends standard in-person outpatient clinics. The study will monitor participants through three follow-up visits at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Participants assigned to online visits may switch to offline visits or withdraw from the trial if technical issues arise or additional medical care is needed. During the study, investigators collect demographic and medical information, details of symptoms and treatment, patient satisfaction, and other relevant data through questionnaires and electronic medical records. Safety is monitored through a review of medical records and participant surveys 30 days after the final follow-up. The main outcome measured is adherence to outpatient procedures, with secondary outcomes including general quality of life.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and effectiveness of Armour Thyroid compared to synthetic T4 in adults with primary hypothyroidism who have been stable on synthetic T4 treatment. The study will also assess how well patients tolerate switching from synthetic T4 to Armour Thyroid. This trial is a Phase 2/3, randomized, double-blind study sponsored by AbbVie to compare these two thyroid hormone replacement therapies. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either Armour Thyroid or to alternate between Armour Thyroid and synthetic T4 for up to 81 weeks. The treatments are oral capsules or tablets taken daily, with doses carefully converted from their stable synthetic T4 dose. The study includes a dose-conversion period where dosage adjustments may be made to maintain appropriate thyroid hormone levels. During the study, participants will have regular blood tests to measure thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, including at week 55 to see who achieves a target TSH response. Researchers will also monitor for any adverse events throughout the study, which lasts up to about 90 weeks. Dose adjustments and safety data will be tracked closely to understand treatment effects and tolerability over time.

Researchers are collecting information on the use of redifferentiating medications as a standard treatment for patients with radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory thyroid cancer. This study is a registry designed to learn more about how these medications are used in routine clinical care for this condition. It is an observational study focused on patients who have thyroid cancer that does not respond well to RAI treatment. Participants will undergo follow-up visits at intervals determined by their usual clinical care. During these visits, researchers will record how well patients tolerate the redifferentiating medications and any adverse events they experience. The study includes patients receiving these agents as part of their regular treatment, both prospectively and retrospectively, but excludes those receiving such agents within other clinical trials. Participants will be monitored for adverse events at every visit over a period of two years. Researchers will collect and review data on medication tolerance and side effects during these follow-up appointments. This ongoing observation aims to provide a clearer picture of outcomes for patients treated with redifferentiation agents in usual care settings.

Researchers are studying patients with thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda IV and smaller than 2 cm to evaluate an alternative to immediate surgery called active surveillance. This approach aims to reduce the risks, costs, and long-term effects associated with surgery, such as hypothyroidism and nerve damage, while monitoring safety and disease progression. The study will track how many patients experience disease progression or require surgery over a five-year period. Participants will undergo active surveillance involving regular ultrasound scans and clinical check-ups at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months instead of having immediate surgical removal of the thyroid nodule. This non-surgical approach is designed to observe the nodule for any changes that may indicate the need for surgery while preserving thyroid function and minimizing overtreatment. During the study, participants will have periodic ultrasound imaging and clinical evaluations to monitor their thyroid nodules. Researchers will assess the number of patients who need surgery or show disease progression at 1, 2, and 5 years. Patient safety, feasibility of surveillance, and patient experience will be evaluated throughout the study, which lasts for five years from enrollment to the end of follow-up.

Researchers are investigating the added benefits of a physical activity program for older women who have subclinical hypothyroidism, glaucoma, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This study aims to understand how exercise combined with usual thyroid hormone treatment may affect these conditions, particularly focusing on eye pressure and other health measures. The research involves elder females aged 65 to 75 years and is sponsored by Cairo University. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: one group will receive their regular levothyroxine treatment along with a treadmill exercise program three times a week for six months. The second group will receive only the levothyroxine treatment without the exercise program. This comparison will help determine the effects of adding physical activity to the usual care. During the six-month study, participants will have various health assessments, including eye pressure measurement, body weight, waist size, blood pressure, blood tests for liver enzymes and lipids, thyroid hormone levels, and quality of life surveys related to glaucoma and physical and mental health. These evaluations will help researchers monitor changes and safety throughout the study period.

Researchers are studying how changes in the gut microbiome relate to hormonal changes during women's ageing, especially throughout menopause. This observational study focuses on healthy women aged 40 to 64 living in Portugal. It aims to understand how menopause affects long-term health by examining gut microbiome, hormone levels, and markers of chronic low-grade inflammation, to help develop better prevention strategies for women's health. Participants are grouped by menopausal stage: premenopausal with regular periods, perimenopausal with irregular periods and some menopausal symptoms, and menopausal/postmenopausal with no menstruation for 12 months. Women will provide stool and blood samples and complete questionnaires about their health, lifestyle, diet, and menopausal symptoms. The study collects data over 10 years, with baseline and follow-up assessments every two years. During the study, participants will be assessed for gut microbiome composition and function, hormone levels, inflammation markers, menopause-related symptoms, nutrition, physical activity, sleep habits, and stress levels. These evaluations help researchers identify microbiome and blood biomarkers linked to menopause and ageing. Participation involves regular sample collection and questionnaires, with ongoing monitoring to support personalized risk assessment and prevention in women's health.