Evaluating Less Invasive Surfactant Administration with High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen in Late Preterm and Early Term Infants Born 34 to 38 Weeks with Breathing Difficulties

What this Trial Is About

This research aims to evaluate whether giving less invasive surfactant administration LISA during high-flow nasal cannula HFNC oxygen treatment reduces the need for invasive ventilation in babies born 2 to 6 weeks early who have breathing problems. The study focuses on infants born between 34 and 38 weeks gestation and investigates if LISA can help avoid the need for mechanical ventilation, which can cause complications. Researchers also want to assess the length and cost of neonatal unit stay and measure lung function before and after surfactant administration. During the study, infants in one group will receive surfactant through a small tube inserted into the windpipe while awake, combined with HFNC oxygen support. Another group will receive routine care without surfactant unless intubated. The surfactant is slowly given and breathed in, and the treatment is part of routine practice. The study observes and compares outcomes between these two groups to understand the benefits and effects of LISA with HFNC. Participants will be monitored before, during, and after surfactant administration using respiratory function assessments. The main measurement is the percentage of babies needing invasive ventilation within 72 hours from birth. Additional measures include length and cost of hospital stay up to 20 weeks and lung function parameters measured shortly before and after LISA. The study involves routine monitoring with no extra risks from participation, and results will help improve care for late preterm and early term infants with breathing difficulties.

Less Invasive Surfactant Administration in Late Preterm or Early Term Born Infants