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Systemic lupus erythematosus SLE is an autoimmune disease affecting multiple body systems, with skin involvement being one of the earliest and most common features. This research evaluates the role of TREX1 gene mutations and certain autoantibodies in SLE, especially how these genetic factors relate to skin symptoms and disease activity. The study focuses on understanding these connections in Egyptian patients to improve early diagnosis and personalized treatment. The study involves about 60 patients diagnosed with SLE who have at least one skin manifestation, compared with 30 healthy volunteers matched by age and sex. Researchers will assess selected autoantibodies and TREX1 gene polymorphisms to explore their prevalence and connection to clinical features. This is an observational study without treatment interventions. Participants will provide informed consent and undergo genetic testing and autoantibody assessments. Researchers will monitor disease activity and gene polymorphisms over a 3-month period. The study aims to correlate genetic and antibody findings with disease symptoms and activity to better understand SLEs impact on the skin and overall health.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness and safety of two surgical methods for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH, a condition causing lower urinary tract symptoms due to prostate enlargement. The study compares the long-standing standard method, transurethral resection of the prostate TURP, with a newer approach called bipolar transurethral enucleation of the prostate TUEP. TURP has been effective but carries risks such as serious complications and longer hospital stays, prompting exploration of safer, minimally invasive options. The trial involves two treatment groups one receiving TURP and the other receiving bipolar enucleation TUEP. Both procedures use bipolar diathermy via cystoscopy and are performed under spinal or general anesthesia according to usual care. TURP removes excess prostate tissue piece by piece, whereas TUEP anatomically enucleates the prostate. The study will assess these treatments over at least six months to one year to understand differences in symptom relief and safety. Participants will be men aged 50 to 80 years with significant urinary symptoms and prostate enlargement requiring surgery. Researchers will monitor catheter use, urinary symptoms, operative time, complications, and quality of life using various questionnaires during follow-up visits. Outcomes such as catheter-free status and symptom scores will be evaluated up to one year after surgery to compare the treatments benefits and risks.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting 1-3% of people worldwide and is caused by immune system interactions involving genes and environmental factors. Psoriatic arthritis PsA is an autoimmune condition linked to psoriasis that causes joint pain, stiffness, and swelling with varying severity. This research investigates the relationship between a specific gene variation Card14 gene rs34367357 and the response to methotrexate treatment in Egyptian patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Participants receive either methotrexate, a drug commonly used for moderate to severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, or a placebo. Methotrexates role is to reduce inflammation and skin symptoms, with the study evaluating how the Card14 gene polymorphism affects treatment response. The study groups include patients with psoriasis, those with psoriatic arthritis, and a healthy control group, with treatment effects assessed over a three-month period. During the study, participants undergo clinical assessments of their skin and joint symptoms, including severity scoring. Researchers monitor treatment response and any side effects throughout the three months. The study uses randomized allocation without blinding and involves regular evaluations to measure changes in psoriasis severity and arthritis symptoms, ensuring participant safety and treatment adherence over the trial period.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting about 3% to 4% of people worldwide, with a lower prevalence in Egypt. It causes red, scaly plaques mainly on the scalp, extensor surfaces, and lower back, and can also affect the eyes and joints. This condition often leads to complications like psoriatic arthritis, depression, and cardiovascular disease due to its impact on quality of life. The disease involves an immune system imbalance, especially involving T-cells and inflammatory molecules such as TNF-alpha and interleukins, which contribute to skin and joint symptoms. Genetic factors, including variations in the IL12B gene, may influence disease risk and treatment response. The study evaluates the genetic polymorphism rs3213094 in the IL12B gene in adults with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis who are treated with Humira adalimumab, a medication targeting TNF-alpha to reduce inflammation and symptoms. The trial includes about 20 patients receiving Humira and 20 healthy controls. It aims to assess how this genetic variant relates to treatment response over a 3-month period. Participants will be randomized to groups, with no masking applied. During the study, participants with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis will receive Humira and be monitored regularly for treatment effects. Researchers will measure disease severity using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index PASI and evaluate treatment outcomes and genetic associations. Healthy controls will be included for comparison. The total participation duration covers at least 3 months of treatment and evaluation, with safety and response assessments conducted throughout. The study is sponsored by South Valley University and is expected to complete by early 2026.

Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis PsA are chronic inflammatory diseases affecting skin and joints, with PsA occurring in up to 30% of psoriasis patients. This research aims to explore the genetic variation in the TRAF3IP2 gene and its association with psoriasis, PsA, and the treatment effects of methotrexate. The study focuses on understanding how this gene may influence disease characteristics and treatment outcomes. Participants include about 30 individuals with psoriasis, 10 with psoriatic arthritis, and 10 healthy controls. The study evaluates the response to methotrexate therapy, a common treatment for moderate to severe psoriasis, over a period of 3 months. Patients will be classified based on disease severity and genetic testing of the TRAF3IP2 gene will be performed to assess its role in treatment response. During the study, participants will undergo clinical assessments of their skin and joint symptoms, including PASI scoring for psoriasis severity. Follow-up visits will monitor treatment effects and safety. Researchers will analyze genetic data alongside clinical outcomes to evaluate methotrexates impact. The study is randomized without masking and includes a total participation age range of 18 to 70 years, with ongoing monitoring throughout the treatment period.

Genitovesical fistula is an abnormal connection between the reproductive tract organs and the lower urinary tract in females, such as between the vagina, cervix, uterus, bladder, urethra, or pelvic ureters. This condition can seriously affect womens physical and mental health, lowering their quality of life. It often arises from surgical injuries or complicated childbirth, depending on the region. This research compares two surgical methods for repairing genitovesical fistulas in women laparoscopic repair and open surgical repair. About 50 female patients with vesicovaginal or vesicouterine fistulas will be divided into two groups, each receiving one type of repair. Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive approach noted for less pain, smaller cuts, less blood loss, shorter hospital stays, and quicker recovery. Open surgery is the traditional repair method. The study will monitor outcomes over a 2-month period after surgery. Participants will undergo the assigned surgical repair, and researchers will follow their progress from baseline to two months post-operation. The main focus is evaluating the treatment success of the fistula repair. Patients will be assessed for biological and psychological effects, with attention to post-surgical recovery and complications. The total participation spans from surgery through a two-month follow-up to measure healing and treatment results.

Researchers are evaluating treatments for men with teratozoospermia and palpable varicoceles, a condition where veins in the scrotum become enlarged and can negatively affect sperm quality and fertility. The study compares medical treatment with l-carnitine and antioxidants, surgical varicocelectomy, and a combination of surgery followed by medical treatment. The goal is to understand how these approaches impact fertility outcomes in subfertile men. Participants are divided into three groups one receives daily medical treatment with l-carnitine and antioxidants for three months another undergoes subinguinal varicocelectomy surgery and the third has the surgery followed by the same medical treatment for three months. The surgical approach used is microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy, which is considered the standard treatment for varicoceles. During the study, men will be monitored for changes in teratozoospermia treatment outcomes over three months. Evaluations include physical examinations and semen parameter assessments. Researchers will track the number of participants showing treatment response. The study is randomized without masking and aims to provide clearer evidence on the effectiveness of medical and surgical options for managing varicocele-related male subfertility.

Researchers are examining the ability of the Naples Prognostic Score NPS to predict postoperative delirium POD in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. POD is an acute brain dysfunction common after surgery, especially in older adults, linked to worse outcomes like longer hospital stays, higher costs, and increased risk of cognitive decline. The study focuses on patients aged 60 and older, as POD is a significant concern in this population. The study monitors patients who undergo hip fracture surgery by screening for delirium upon arrival to the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit PACU and daily for the first three postoperative days, with additional checks on days 5 and 7. NPS combines markers of inflammation and nutrition, including albumin levels and specific blood cell ratios, to evaluate risk. This observational study does not involve experimental treatments but observes natural outcomes related to these markers. Participants will be assessed through regular delirium screenings after surgery and have their length of hospital stay recorded before discharge. Blood samples are taken preoperatively to calculate the NPS. The researchers aim to identify patients at higher risk for POD to improve care strategies. Participation lasts through the hospital stay with multiple follow-up assessments during the first postoperative week.

Researchers are evaluating the effects of phase one cardiac rehabilitation on patients aged 40 to 60 years who have undergone mitral or aortic valve replacement surgery. The study aims to assess how this early rehabilitation phase may improve cardiovascular function, lung capacity, physical ability, and overall quality of life. This trial compares a rehabilitation program with routine physical therapy to understand the benefits of structured rehabilitation after valve replacement. The study randomly assigns 60 patients into two equal groups. One group participates in a cardiac rehabilitation program starting the day after surgery, which includes supervised breathing exercises, limb movements, sitting, standing, walking short distances, and endurance training with a stationary bike. These sessions occur three times daily, lasting about 20 minutes each, continuing until hospital discharge around 5 to 6 days post-surgery. The other group receives routine clinical care without rehabilitation exercises during their hospital stay. Participants are assessed before surgery and at hospital discharge to measure oxygen saturation, lung function tests FVC, FEV1, FEV1FVC, and physical endurance using the Six-Minute Walk Test. Physical activity intensity is adjusted based on each patients condition and monitored by therapists. The study monitors these outcomes to evaluate improvements in heart and lung function as well as walking ability over the short postoperative period.

Mycobacterium leprae is a slow-growing bacterium that causes leprosy, which can take two to ten years to develop after infection. The bacteria mainly affect peripheral nerves, potentially causing tissue damage, painless burns, ulcers, and loss of protective sensation. This trial examines the role of Rab 32 gene polymorphisms as a possible prognostic factor in leprosy patients while evaluating the effects of standard multi-drug therapy. Participants with leprosy will receive a combination of dapsone, clofazimine, and rifampicin as per World Health Organization guidelines. About 40 patients will be treated with this multi-drug therapy, and blood samples will be collected after three months to study the Rab 32 genes role. Additionally, around 10 healthy individuals will provide blood samples for comparison, with no treatments administered to them. During the study, participants will undergo assessments including venous blood collection to analyze the Rab 32 gene and monitor treatment impact. Researchers will evaluate treatment outcomes over six months, tracking the effectiveness of the multi-drug therapy. This study aims to better understand genetic factors affecting leprosy prognosis and treatment responses, with safety monitored throughout the trial period.