Adaptive Neuromodulation of Working Memory Networks in Aging and Dementia

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are investigating the use of closed-loop transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) based on personalized brain networks to control brain states related to working memory in healthy older adults and those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The study aims to understand brain network activation and neural oscillations in the prefrontal cortex, which regulates working memory, and to test how TMS affects memory performance and brain activity. This research addresses challenges in previous TMS studies by using individualized brain models and considering cerebrovascular effects in aging and MCI. Participants will receive one of three closed-loop TMS treatments triggered by alpha-band brain activity: arrhythmic TMS intended to disrupt alpha oscillations and potentially enhance memory, rhythmic alpha-frequency TMS expected to synchronize brain activity and possibly reduce memory performance, or sham stimulation with no actual brain stimulation. The study uses advanced brain imaging and monitoring techniques including concurrent TMS-fMRI and TMS-EEG to map dose-response relationships and neural network dynamics during working memory tasks. During the study, participants will undergo screening and multiple neuroimaging sessions to assess brain connectivity and vascular density, followed by TMS-EEG sessions to evaluate working memory performance and EEG-based connectivity. Cognitive assessments such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and various memory and executive function tests will also be conducted. Researchers will monitor neural activity and working memory outcomes to understand the effects of TMS and to develop precise brain stimulation protocols for potential future clinical use. The study runs until June 2027 and involves adults aged 18 to 75 years.

Neuromodulation of Memory in Aging