Actively Recruiting
Additional Effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation With Otago Exercises on Fall Risk in Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Led by Foundation University Islamabad · Updated on 2025-08-14
30
Participants Needed
1
Research Sites
4 weeks
Total Duration
On this page
AI-Summary
What this Trial Is About
Diabetes Mellitus, especially type 2, is a widespread condition often leading to Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN), which affects sensation and muscle control in the feet, legs, hands, and arms. This condition can cause symptoms like pain, numbness, and balance problems, increasing the risk of falls. This research aims to assess whether adding Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) exercises to the Otago Exercise Program can improve balance, reduce fear of falling, and enhance sensory function in people with DPN. The study compares two groups: one follows the Otago Exercise Program alone, which includes 14 strengthening and balance exercises targeting leg muscles and walking skills; the other group combines Otago exercises with PNF, a method involving diagonal and spiral movement patterns designed to improve neuromuscular control through progressive resistance. Both interventions are delivered in sessions lasting 40 to 50 minutes, three times a week, over six weeks. Participants will be evaluated using measures such as the Berg Balance Scale, Fall Efficacy Scale, Functional Reach Test, and Semmes Weinstein Monofilament Test at the start and end of the six-week program. Screening includes the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument and Berg Balance Scale to confirm eligibility. The study will document changes in balance, fear of falling, and sensory function to understand the effects of the exercise protocols on fall risk in this population.
CONDITIONS
Brief Title
Additional Effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation With Otago Exercises on Fall Risk in Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Who Can Participate
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if you...
- Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
- Age between 50 and 75 years
- Male or female gender
- Diabetes duration longer than 5 years
- Positive result on Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument
- Berg Balance Scale score greater than 20
You will not qualify if you...
- Recent surgery involving knee, ankle, or hip joints
- Presence of foot ulcers or deformities
- Diagnosis of neurological diseases other than diabetic peripheral neuropathy, such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, or Parkinson's disease
- Visual impairment or hearing loss
- Comprehension difficulties
- Physical disabilities preventing exercise participation
AI-Screening
AI-Powered Screening
Complete this quick 3-step screening to check your eligibility
Your Study Journey
Duration - 2 to 4 weeks
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial.
1 visit (in-person)
Duration - 6 weeks
Participants perform exercise interventions comprising either the Otago Exercise Program alone or combined with Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) exercises. These exercises focus on strengthening muscles and improving balance through progressively challenging routines.
Three sessions per week, each lasting 40 to 50 minutes
Trial Site Locations
Total: 1 location
1
Foundation University College of Physical Therapy
Islamabad, Pakistan, 44000
Actively Recruiting
Research Team
F
Fatima Aziz, DPT
How is the study designed?
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Masking
NONE
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Model
PARALLEL
Primary Purpose
TREATMENT
Number of Arms
2
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