Dental Caries (Cavities)

Researchers are studying changes in the shape of the palate in growing children with different vertical facial growth patterns who have a posterior cross-bite. The study focuses on patients with mixed dentition, skeletal Class I relationship, and who are in the prepubertal stage. The goal is to understand how rapid palatal expander treatment affects the palate morphology among hyperdivergent, hypodivergent, and normodivergent facial types. The treatment involves using a rapid palatal expander device for about 6 months. Patients will be grouped based on their facial divergence patterns. Digital dental casts will be recorded before and after the treatment using an intraoral scanner. Researchers will perform linear measurements and a comprehensive study of the palate shape using a set of 240 landmarks and semi-landmarks. Geometric Morphometric Analysis GMA will compare the palate shape changes among the different groups. Participants will undergo clinical evaluations and have pre-treatment and post-treatment digital records including oral scans and photographs. The primary outcome is to measure morphological changes of the palate after 6 months. Secondary outcomes include detailed shape analysis of the palatal vault among the different facial types. The study requires good quality records and informed consent from participants, with total participation lasting around 6 months.

Researchers are studying the outcomes of two different revascularization treatments for children aged 7 to 13 with necrotic immature permanent maxillary incisors that show no symptoms. The trial aims to compare the clinical and radiographic results over 24 months following either a single-visit or multiple-visit protocol. This trial is a randomized clinical study led by Minia University to determine how these approaches affect healing and tooth health. Participants will receive either a single-visit revascularization procedure or a multiple-visit revascularization procedure. Each treatment protocol is designed to restore the affected tooth without surgery by encouraging natural healing. The study will observe and compare these two methods over a 24-month period to evaluate their effectiveness and outcomes. During the study, participants will be monitored for any pain experienced after treatment, with assessments continuing from enrollment through the full 24 months. Clinical and radiographic examinations will be carried out to evaluate healing progress and tooth condition. The trial includes regular follow-ups to track changes and ensure patient safety throughout the study duration.

This research aims to evaluate the clinical performance and safety of two different curing modes for composite resin restorations in primary molars of young children. The study focuses on children aged 4 to 9 years who need direct filling therapy on deciduous teeth. Dental treatment in young children is challenging due to anxiety and difficulty in moisture control, so reducing treatment time could benefit both children and dentists. Participants will receive composite restorations cured using either a fast curing mode, which takes 5 seconds at 2000 mWcm, or a conventional curing mode, which takes 10 seconds at 1200 mWcm. This is a randomized, double-blind, split-mouth clinical trial lasting 12 months. Each child will have two different molars treated with each curing mode in separate quadrants. During the study, children will be monitored for postoperative pain 4 to 10 days after treatment. The trial involves legal representative consent, assessments of treatment performance and safety, and evaluations of any complications or discomfort. The total participation time covers the full 12-month follow-up period to assess the long-term outcomes of the dental restorations.

Gingival recessions are a common issue affecting many adults worldwide and can lead to problems such as tooth sensitivity, root caries, and aesthetic concerns. This trial aims to compare a new volume stable collagen matrix to the standard connective tissue graft from the palate in treating gingival recessions, particularly in orthodontically treated patients. The study seeks to improve understanding of the best treatment methods for both upper and lower jaw recessions to enhance periodontal health and patient outcomes. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. The test group will receive tissue thickening using the collagen matrix combined with a modified coronally advanced tunnel technique. The control group will undergo the standard treatment involving a connective tissue graft harvested from the palate with the same surgical technique. Both procedures aim to cover the gingival recession defect effectively. During the study, researchers will assess root coverage, early wound healing, tissue thickness increase, clinical attachment level, aesthetic scores, and patient satisfaction over a one-year period. Follow-up evaluations will include wound healing checks within the first week after surgery and assessments of periodontal tissue changes and patient-reported outcomes at one year. Participation includes regular visits and clinical measurements to monitor treatment effects and safety.

This research aims to evaluate the effects of a commercially available oil rinse product called PerioPull on dental health markers in adults. The study focuses on people with dental health issues, such as deeper-than-normal gum pockets that may harbor infection and cause inflammation leading to periodontal disease. The trial is a 12-week pilot study designed to assess whether PerioPull can improve common, validated dental health measures used in clinical practice. Participants will use PerioPull, a natural oil rinse containing ingredients like Medium Chain Triglycerides from coconut oil, Bixa orellana seed extract, natural mint flavor, bromelain, ubiquinone, and delta tocotrienols. They will swish approximately one teaspoon 5 mL of the oil in their mouth for at least five minutes daily after brushing, then spit it out without rinsing. This routine will be maintained daily for 12 weeks. Throughout the study, participants will attend three dental visits at baseline, six weeks, and 12 weeks. During these visits, dental health will be assessed using measurements such as plaque index, gingival index, and pocket depth. Oral samples will be collected and analyzed in a laboratory to further evaluate outcomes. Additional assessments include intraoral photos and MyPerioPath testing. These procedures align with standard dental exams and will help researchers monitor changes in dental health over the study period.

Researchers are investigating the effects of vitamin D supplementation and topical fluoride treatments on people aged 12 to 45 who have vitamin D deficiency and early dental cavities called Initial Carious Lesions ICL. This trial aims to compare how these treatments influence the progression of ICL by measuring changes in the International Caries Detection and Assessment System ICDAS scores, concentrations of proteins in saliva, and the presence of cavity-causing bacteria over six months. The study is conducted as a randomized controlled trial at multiple outpatient centers. Participants are randomly assigned to one of three groups Group A receives vitamin D supplements and oral hygiene instructions Group B receives vitamin D supplements, topical fluoride application, and oral hygiene instructions and Group C, the control group with sufficient vitamin D levels, receives topical fluoride and oral hygiene instructions. Vitamin D supplements include weekly 50,000 IU doses for two months followed by daily maintenance doses of 5,000 IU for one month. Fluoride treatments involve professional application of 5% sodium fluoride gel for five minutes on affected teeth. During the six-month study, participants will have their dental health monitored through assessments of their ICDAS scores, saliva samples analyzed for protein levels using ELISA, and bacterial counts measured by PCR techniques. Researchers will also check serum vitamin D levels. Oral hygiene and diet counseling are provided. The study evaluates the progression of initial cavities, changes in saliva biomarkers, and oral bacteria to understand how these interventions impact dental caries management.

Researchers are investigating a new orthodontic adhesive that does not require acid etching before bonding brackets. This study involves 20 patients aged 14 to 35 years undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. The goal is to compare the new etch-free adhesive with the conventional acid-etch adhesive to see if it can reduce enamel damage and white spot lesions while maintaining bond strength. The trial uses a split-mouth design where one side of each patients mouth receives the etch-free adhesive and the other side the conventional adhesive with phosphoric acid etching. Bonding times will be measured, and brackets will be placed following manufacturer instructions. Patients will be followed for 12 months to assess bracket failures, enamel condition, adhesive remnants, and white spot lesion formation. Participants will attend monthly visits during the 12-month follow-up to record bracket failures and enamel condition through clinical and photographic assessments. Bonding time, adhesive removal ease, and patient discomfort will also be recorded. Data will be securely stored and analyzed to evaluate the performance and safety of the new adhesive compared to the standard method.

Researchers are evaluating LY4515100 to assess its safety and how well it works compared with a placebo for treating moderate-to-severe acute pain after surgical removal of impacted third molars. This phase 2, randomized, double-blind study focuses on pain relief following this common oral surgery. The trial involves participants aged 18 to 40 years who require extraction of multiple third molars with certain impactions confirmed by X-ray. Participants will receive a single oral dose of either LY4515100 or a placebo. After surgery, each participant will stay in a Clinical Research Unit for monitoring. The study includes measures of pain intensity, pain relief, time to use of rescue medication, and the drugs concentration in the body, all tracked up to one day after dosing. During the approximately six-week study, participants will undergo assessments of their pain levels and relief using numerical and categorical scales. Researchers will also monitor safety through clinical evaluations and laboratory tests. The trial collects data on how quickly pain decreases and participants overall impression of pain relief, aiming to understand the drugs effects and safety profile in this setting.

Delirium is a clinical syndrome marked by sudden attention problems, changes in consciousness, and fluctuating thinking abilities. It often occurs in hospitalized elderly patients after surgery, especially in intensive care units, leading to worse recovery, higher death rates, longer hospital stays, and increased healthcare costs. This research investigates how oral health, particularly a condition called oral frailty, may be linked to postoperative delirium and cognitive decline in surgical patients. The study observes surgical patients who have or do not have oral frailty before elective cardiac or thoracic surgery requiring endotracheal intubation. Oral frailty is assessed using a specific scale before surgery. Participants are grouped based on the presence or absence of oral frailty to explore its relationship with delirium and other postoperative outcomes. Participants will be monitored for delirium within one week after surgery. Other evaluations include swallowing ability, appetite, and blood protein levels measured within 48 hours after removing the breathing tube, as well as routine postoperative blood tests during the first week. The study aims to understand connections between oral health and cognitive changes after surgery, potentially guiding future prevention strategies. Participation lasts throughout the perioperative and early postoperative period.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness, safety, and performance of a new dental obturation material called Endofill in patients undergoing root canal treatment. This prospective, single-arm, non-randomized trial aims to measure how well Endofill seals root canals and supports healing of apical periodontitis over a 12-month follow-up. The study will also assess the devices safety and performance through radiographic evaluation and monitoring of symptoms such as pain or swelling. Participants will receive root canal treatment using the Endofill device after standard preparation steps, including access cavity preparation, cleaning, shaping, and disinfecting the root canal. The obturation with Endofill is evaluated immediately afterward via periapical radiographs to assess seal completeness. Follow-up visits at 3, 6, and 12 months will monitor healing progress, safety, and the need for any retreatment. The study includes a safety check after three months on the first 10 subjects to ensure device performance. During the study, participants will undergo regular assessments including periapical radiographs to measure lesion size, clinical evaluations for symptoms, and pain assessments up to one month after treatment. Data on procedural duration and patient-reported device usability will also be collected. The total participation time is around one year, with planned enrollment lasting 6 to 9 months and study completion expected within 2 to 2.5 years.