Asyut 1

Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders (PASD) involve abnormal attachment of the placenta to the uterine wall, including placenta accreta, increta, and percreta. These conditions can complicate pregnancy, and accurate antenatal diagnosis is challenging. This research compares two common ultrasound methods, 3D ultrasound with vascular indices and 2D ultrasound with color Doppler, to better diagnose PASD before delivery. The study evaluates 3D placental volume measurements and vascular indices such as vascularization index, flow index, and vascularization flow index using 3D ultrasound. These are compared against 2D ultrasound criteria for placental invasion combined with color Doppler imaging. Both methods use ultrasound technology to assess placental attachment and blood flow patterns, aiming to improve diagnostic accuracy. Participants will be pregnant women diagnosed with placenta previa. Researchers will assess the placental characteristics using both ultrasound techniques. The main outcome measure is the vascular index evaluated after one month. The study focuses on comparing these imaging methods to aid in managing placenta accreta spectrum disorders, supporting clinical decisions before delivery.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness and safety of a 577 nm diode laser in treating non-inflammatory acne, specifically acne comedones. Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition affecting mostly adolescents and young adults, often causing scarring and lowered self-esteem. Current treatments include topical and oral medications, which can have side effects and issues with patient compliance. Laser treatments, particularly those targeting sebaceous glands and bacteria involved in acne, have shown promise in improving acne symptoms. In this study, all participants will receive treatment with the 577 nm diode laser applied to one side of the face, with the other side serving as a control for comparison. This device-based therapy aims to reduce acne comedones by targeting the pilosebaceous unit and bacteria contributing to acne. The treatment sessions and schedule details are designed to assess the laser's clinical effects on acne lesions over time. Participants will be monitored for changes in the number of comedones before and after a three-month treatment period through clinical assessments. Researchers will track the reduction in acne lesions to evaluate the laser's efficacy. Safety and side effects will also be observed throughout the study, which includes adults aged 18 to 40 years with a minimum number of comedonal lesions. The total study participation involves close observation of skin changes and response to the laser therapy.

Researchers are investigating the expression pattern of CD56 in patients with various hematologic malignancies. CD56, also known as neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), is typically a marker of natural killer cells but is also present on other immune cells with important immune functions. While CD56 has been linked to prognosis in diseases like multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia, its role in other hematologic cancers remains unclear, prompting this study. The study involves detecting CD56 expression using flow cytometry, a laboratory technique that analyzes cell characteristics. This diagnostic test will be applied to blood or bone marrow samples from patients newly diagnosed with hematologic malignancies, including both myeloid and lymphoid cancers. The research focuses on understanding how CD56 is expressed across these different disease types. Participants will be evaluated over the course of one year to identify patterns of CD56 expression. The study will measure how CD56 levels vary in different hematologic malignancies and assess whether this expression correlates with disease characteristics. The findings aim to provide new insights into the role of CD56 in these cancers and may influence future diagnostic or prognostic approaches.

Researchers are studying ischemic stroke cases in patients who are taking oral anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation or other heart rhythm problems that can cause clots. This study, called ASPERA, aims to understand the characteristics of these stroke cases and to evaluate short- and long-term outcomes related to different secondary prevention strategies to prevent stroke recurrence. The study includes two parts: a retrospective phase (ASPERA-R) and a prospective phase (ASPERA-P), involving multiple centers worldwide. The University of L'Aquila coordinates data collection, analysis, and management. The retrospective part (ASPERA-R) will collect data for 5 years from the study start, with centers having 6 months to enter existing patient data. The prospective part (ASPERA-P) will enroll patients for 2 years after study approval, followed by 5 years of follow-up. Participants must have had an acute ischemic stroke while on oral anticoagulants, with confirmed imaging showing stroke lesions. The study will observe different secondary prevention treatments, including continuing the same anticoagulant or switching therapies, to compare outcomes. Participants undergo baseline assessments of demographics, clinical status, and brain imaging at the time of their stroke. Researchers will track new strokes or transient ischemic attacks at 90 days, 1 year, and 5 years after the initial stroke. They will also monitor safety events like bleeding complications and other major ischemic events such as heart attacks. Data collection includes ongoing clinical evaluations and imaging studies to identify factors linked with stroke recurrence and treatment safety.

This research aims to evaluate the albumin bilirubin index as a predictor of recurrent variceal bleeding within three months after endoscopic treatment in patients with cirrhosis and esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB). The study focuses on improving understanding of the risk factors that influence bleeding outcomes in this patient group. Participants will be observed following their endoscopic treatment, with their albumin bilirubin index monitored as a potential indicator of bleeding recurrence. The study does not specify additional treatments or interventions but tracks the natural course of the condition in relation to this index. During the study, researchers will assess the prevalence of variceal bleeding among participants with high albumin bilirubin index values over a six-month period. Participant involvement includes regular monitoring to detect bleeding events and evaluate the predictive value of the index, helping to clarify its usefulness in clinical settings.

Researchers are evaluating the pain relief effectiveness of three different nerve block methods for women undergoing cesarean sections. The study focuses on comparing Erector Spinae block, Quadratus Lumborum block, and intrathecal morphine to manage postoperative pain after cesarean delivery. This randomized study aims to find out which method provides better analgesic effects during recovery. Participants receive one of three treatments: intrathecal morphine alone, intrathecal morphine plus a Quadratus Lumborum nerve block, or intrathecal morphine plus an Erector Spinae nerve block. Intrathecal morphine is given with standard spinal anesthetic drugs. The nerve blocks involve injections of bupivacaine combined with dexamethasone as an added medication. Each treatment is designed to assess how well it relieves pain after surgery. During the study, researchers will monitor how long pain relief lasts before patients need additional pain medication, measured up to 24 hours after surgery. Participants will be assessed for pain control and recovery outcomes. The study includes women aged 18 to 40 years undergoing elective cesarean delivery, and safety measures and responses to treatments will be closely followed throughout the postoperative period.

Researchers are evaluating whether arterial stiffness, measured by Pulse Wave Velocity, can independently predict the development of acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis. The study also compares Pulse Wave Velocity with shear wave ultrasound elastography as different methods to assess arterial stiffness for predicting kidney injury in these patients. Participants will undergo detailed clinical assessments including demographics, medical history, physical exams, and various laboratory tests such as blood counts, kidney function, and inflammatory markers. Cardiac function will be evaluated using ECG and echocardiography. Arterial stiffness will be measured by Pulse Wave Velocity and shear wave elastography within the first 24 hours of admission. Renal resistive index will also be recorded using pulse-wave Doppler. Throughout the study, researchers will collect data on vital signs, organ function scores, and sepsis workup results. Multiple measurements will be performed by blinded operators to ensure accuracy. The main outcome is the prediction of acute kidney injury over a 2-year period based on arterial stiffness measurements and other clinical data. The study aims to improve early identification of kidney injury risk in sepsis patients.

This research aims to evaluate the effect of preoperative intravenous or nebulized tranexamic acid on surgical bleeding, blood loss, anesthetic use, and patient blood flow stability during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). FESS treats nasal and sinus conditions but bleeding in this narrow, highly vascular area can impair the surgical view, making it challenging for surgeons. Tranexamic acid, which helps reduce bleeding by blocking the breakdown of blood clots, is being studied to see if it improves surgical conditions when given by different methods. Participants will receive either nebulized or intravenous tranexamic acid before surgery. The study compares how these two forms affect bleeding control and surgical field quality using the Modena Bleeding Score. Both treatments are given before FESS, which is done under general anesthesia. The study is a randomized, double-blind controlled trial to fairly assess the effects of each treatment. During the study, researchers will monitor surgical bleeding using the Modena Bleeding Score and check patient blood pressure and heart function. They will also track anesthesia usage, including extra doses needed, and watch for any side effects from tranexamic acid such as nausea, vomiting, vision problems, seizures, or blood clots. The study will include adults aged 18 to 65 who have normal blood clotting and are scheduled for elective FESS. Safety and effectiveness data will be collected throughout the surgery and postoperative period.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common chronic rheumatic condition marked by widespread muscle pain, fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and reduced ability to function. This condition is more frequent and severe in women, but differences between men and women have not been fully studied, especially after the 2016 American College of Rheumatology criteria were established. FM affects people of all ages but mainly occurs in females between 25 and 65 years old. The causes of FM are still unknown, and it is often misdiagnosed. Symptoms include muscle pain, spasms, insomnia, fatigue, sensitivity to noise and light, and neurological symptoms like tinnitus, ear fullness, vertigo, and dizziness. This research involves an audiovestibular assessment to explore whether dizziness and balance problems in FM patients are due solely to factors like hypotension and autonomic nervous system dysfunction or if FM directly affects the vestibular system. The assessment is a diagnostic test performed on patients diagnosed with FM according to established criteria. The study includes males and females aged 15 to 50 years. Participants will undergo evaluations to measure hearing sensitivity and vestibular function, aiming to better understand the impact of FM on these systems. Researchers will monitor symptoms like dizziness and balance issues and compare findings to determine if these symptoms relate directly to FM or other causes. The study focuses on the hearing sensitivity outcome over a two-year period, with assessments including audiological and vestibular examinations.

This research aims to evaluate patients with partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears who undergo ACL augmentation surgery. The study focuses on assessing clinical outcomes using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, providing early results for this treatment approach at Assiut University Hospital. Patients with partial ACL tears will receive ACL augmentation surgery using a hamstring graft. The graft is fixed to the femoral part with an adjustable loop and to the tibial part using Bio or peak screws, with or without staples. This surgical procedure is the main intervention under evaluation in the study. Participants will be clinically evaluated mainly through the IKDC score before and after surgery to measure knee function and recovery. The primary outcome measure is the difference in IKDC scores from baseline. The study includes patients aged 15 to 50 years with partial ACL tears, with or without meniscal tears or knee deformities, and includes both recent and chronic injuries.