Abortion

Researchers are exploring the best treatment approach for retained products of pregnancy, a condition where tissue remains in the uterus after pregnancy. This study aims to see if managing the condition with medication and waiting for the right time to perform surgery reduces the risk of intrauterine adhesions, which can affect fertility. The study is observational and compares this drug-assisted expectant management to immediate surgical treatment. Participants will be assigned to one of two groups: one group will have immediate hysteroscopic removal of pregnancy tissue under anesthesia, while the other group will receive medication and careful monitoring until surgery is needed or the condition resolves. The medication includes hormone therapy and herbal treatments, with regular ultrasound and blood tests to guide timing for surgery if necessary. During the study, participants will be closely monitored with ultrasound scans and blood tests to assess healing and complications. Researchers will track outcomes such as the presence of uterine adhesions three months after treatment, need for additional surgery, pregnancy rates within one year, bleeding, infections, blood loss during surgery, and uterine lining thickness. Participants will be followed up to one year after treatment to observe these outcomes and overall reproductive health.

Researchers are investigating the effects of conservative treatment on people with retained products of conception (RPOC) and enhanced myometrial vascularity (EMV) following miscarriage or delivery. The study aims to determine whether natural resolution of RPOC can be achieved by combining it with EMV through conservative methods. This observational study is led by Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, and focuses on evaluating therapeutic outcomes after two menstrual cycles. Participants will receive conservative treatments such as mifepristone, GnRH-a, or expectant management after being diagnosed with RPOC and EMV. The main treatment period spans two menstrual cycles, after which therapeutic effects will be assessed. No additional interventions or comparison groups are mentioned, as this is an observational study monitoring natural and treatment-influenced resolution. During the study, participants will undergo transvaginal ultrasound at the end of the second menstrual cycle to check for resolution of RPOC. Researchers will also measure the disappearance rate of EMV immediately after completing conservative treatment. The study will track participants' response to treatment and monitor their health status, with a focus on treatment efficacy and safety throughout the observation period ending in late 2026.

Researchers are studying different treatments for early missed abortion, a condition where the pregnancy fails but is not immediately expelled. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of surgical and medical approaches, including how different doses of estrogen might improve outcomes and reduce complications. It includes both a retrospective analysis and a prospective study to find the best treatment method for early missed abortion. The trial involves several treatment groups: one receiving surgery without estrogen, another undergoing surgery with estrogen before the procedure, and two medical treatment groups using mifepristone combined with misoprostol, with or without added estrogen. Surgery is performed under ultrasound guidance or laparoscopically with general anesthesia, while medication is given in specific doses and repeated if needed. Estrogen is administered orally for several days in the estrogen groups. Participants will be closely monitored through clinical exams, ultrasound, and laboratory tests. The main outcomes measured include the rate of complete abortion within 14 days, presence of intrauterine adhesions three months after treatment, and reproductive outcomes up to one year after treatment. Other evaluations include blood loss during surgery, time to expel pregnancy tissue with medication, adverse reactions, menstrual changes, and residual tissue after treatment. Follow-up visits occur at defined intervals to assess these outcomes over time.

Researchers are conducting a prospective longitudinal study in Lusaka, Zambia, to better understand the pregnancy rates and outcomes among women of reproductive age. The study aims to explore the health and well-being of women before, during, and after pregnancy, as well as the factors that may affect adverse outcomes during these reproductive periods. This information is intended to improve care for mothers and their children in the future. Women aged 15 to 49 years who live in the study area will be enrolled and followed for up to three years. Participants will be visited every three months, during which their medical records will be reviewed, a brief physical exam and urine pregnancy test will be conducted, and they will answer survey questions. Women will also collect vaginal swabs themselves for future testing. Infants born to participating women during the study will also be included. During the study, researchers will collect data on pregnancy rates, term live births, and infant mortality, measured over the entire enrollment period up to 36 months. The study involves regular health assessments and surveys to monitor participants' well-being. Safety and data interpretation will be closely monitored, considering any social or medical factors that could affect participation. Total participation may last up to three years, with quarterly visits to support continuous observation and data collection.

Researchers are conducting an observational study to improve understanding of the menstrual cycle and various gynecologic health conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), infertility, and breast cancer. This study focuses on reproductive health and menstrual patterns in women and aims to gather long-term data to describe these aspects epidemiologically. The study is hosted on the Apple Research app, which participants can use to find, enroll in, and take part in this research. It collects data related to menstrual cycle patterns and the prevalence of gynecologic health conditions over a period of up to 10 years. Participants will engage through the app, providing information about their menstrual cycles and health conditions. The study tracks menstrual cycle patterns and collects epidemiologic data over time, also determining the prevalence of related health issues. This observational approach allows long-term monitoring without administering treatments. The study is expected to continue through November 2029.

Researchers are studying the effects of early use of low-dose aspirin in pregnant women who have risk factors for preeclampsia or pregnancy loss. The study aims to find out if starting aspirin at a specific dose and time during pregnancy can lower the chances of developing preeclampsia or experiencing pregnancy loss compared to the usual recommendations. This is a Phase 3 clinical trial led by the University of Pennsylvania. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group will take two 81mg aspirin tablets daily from the start of the trial until delivery. The other group will take placebo pills until 12 weeks of pregnancy and then switch to one placebo and one 81mg aspirin tablet daily until delivery. The treatment starts no later than 6 weeks and 6 days of pregnancy and continues through delivery. During the study, participants will be monitored from enrollment through delivery, with researchers tracking outcomes such as preeclampsia, pregnancy loss, and other pregnancy complications. The main results measured include the occurrence of preeclampsia from 20 weeks of pregnancy to delivery and pregnancy loss up to 24 weeks gestation. Additional outcomes involve various pregnancy-related conditions and birth outcomes. The study includes safety monitoring and lasts through the entire pregnancy period, with careful follow-up until delivery.

Researchers are investigating the relationship between low plasma mannose binding lectin (p-MBL) levels and unexplained reproductive failures, including recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and recurrent implantation failure (RIF). The study focuses on patients with reproductive difficulties after assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as IVF, ICSI, and frozen embryo transfer (FET), as well as after spontaneous conception. The goal is to better understand if low p-MBL levels contribute broadly to reproductive challenges in early pregnancy stages. The study observes three groups of women: those with three consecutive pregnancy losses after spontaneous conception, three losses after ART treatments, and those who experienced three failed embryo transfers with good-quality embryos but no clinical pregnancy. Blood samples are collected from participants when they are not pregnant or before 9 weeks gestation to measure p-MBL levels, categorizing them as low, very low, or high. Participants undergo assessments including blood sampling to measure p-MBL levels, which are the primary outcomes of interest. Secondary measures include calculating the odds ratios for low p-MBL levels among these groups. The study excludes women outside the age range or with certain uterine or chromosomal conditions. The research aims to clarify p-MBL's role in early pregnancy failure mechanisms, helping future evaluation of reproductive failure cases.

This research aims to explore the effectiveness and duration of autologous decidual-like natural killer (NK) cells therapy in improving uterine NK cell dysfunction in women with infertility or a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes. It focuses on patients with abnormal uterine NK cell function and fertility needs, seeking to understand how this therapy might help with such reproductive challenges. The treatment involves collecting peripheral blood from each patient to isolate and culture autologous decidual-like NK cells in the laboratory. These cells are then infused into the patient's uterus through intrauterine perfusion. If the uterine NK cell function improves within six months after the first treatment, the patient can attempt pregnancy, with follow-up of pregnancy outcomes. If there is no improvement, a second infusion of the same therapy may be given, with up to two treatments total. Participants will undergo continuous menstrual blood analysis for six months to monitor uterine NK cell function after treatment. Researchers will also track pregnancy outcomes, including clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, live birth, preeclampsia, and fetal growth restriction for up to one year after therapy completion. The study includes safety and effectiveness assessments during this follow-up period, with a total participation duration extending to about one year after treatment.

Researchers are evaluating a package of interventions combining diet, physical activity, and lifestyle changes during pregnancy to improve outcomes for mothers and their infants. This study focuses on pregnant women and aims to measure effects on pregnancy complications, child development, and maternal health over an extended period. The study is sponsored by Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center and involves behavioral intervention rather than drug treatment. Participants are randomly assigned to either a proactive management group receiving guidance on balanced diet, sufficient exercise, and lifestyle adjustments such as sleep and sun exposure, or to a group receiving standard prenatal care without extra intervention. The intervention is designed to begin before 20 weeks of pregnancy and continues through delivery and postpartum periods. During the study, mothers and children will undergo assessments including measurements of maternal weight change during pregnancy until one month postpartum, newborn size and skinfold thickness at birth, and long-term tracking of blood lipid, glucose, and insulin profiles up to six years after delivery. Child growth and neurological development are evaluated at multiple time points including six months, one year, three years, and six years of age. Maternal physical strength and body composition are also monitored around delivery. The study involves a double-blind design with long-term follow-up to monitor safety and effectiveness outcomes.

Researchers are evaluating whether a specific type of neurofeedback targeting the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (right DLPFC), combined with slow-wave acoustic cueing, can reduce anxiety symptoms and improve heart autonomic function in women aged 18 to 45 years with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and anxiety. This randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial aims to compare real neurofeedback to sham feedback to see if the real intervention increases anxiety treatment response and affects brain and heart measures. Safety and tolerability will also be assessed during the study period. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either real or sham right DLPFC-targeted functional near-infrared spectroscopy brain-computer interface (fNIRS-BCI) closed-loop neurofeedback. The intervention includes a 3-day adaptation phase followed by 3 weeks of formal training (15 weekday sessions, about 20 minutes each). Training uses a block design with 20 blocks per session, each consisting of 20 seconds rest and 40 seconds of acoustic cueing with a 1 Hz tone. Real-time brain activity is displayed visually, with participants trying to downregulate their right DLPFC activity. Sham feedback uses the same procedures but with feedback disconnected from actual brain signals. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is recorded during the first formal session to analyze heart rate and variability. Participants will undergo screening, baseline clinical assessments, and physical exams before randomization. Throughout the intervention, they will receive matched cognitive-behavioral therapy alongside neurofeedback. Researchers will assess anxiety symptoms at baseline, immediately after treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. Brain and heart monitoring during sessions will help understand treatment effects. Safety will be monitored by tracking adverse events throughout the training period.