Sohag 2

This research evaluates the timing of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in patients with uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The study compares primary ILM peeling performed during the first surgical intervention with secondary ILM peeling done at the time of silicon oil removal. The goal is to better understand the effects of these two approaches in retinal detachment repair. All participants undergo 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with silicon oil tamponade. The study divides patients into two groups based on when ILM peeling occurs: Group A has ILM peeling during the initial surgery, while Group B has ILM peeling delayed until the silicon oil is extracted. These procedures are the main interventions being compared. Throughout the study, researchers monitor participants from enrollment until three months after surgery to track the incidence of complications. This includes regular clinical evaluations to assess safety and treatment outcomes. The total follow-up period encompasses the immediate postoperative and recovery phases to capture relevant surgical effects and any complications that arise.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an inflammatory and autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs and follows a chronic course with unpredictable flare-ups. Kidney involvement is the most common complication in this condition. This study focuses on understanding the clinical features, risk factors, and outcomes of lupus nephritis in children with systemic lupus erythematosus treated at Sohag University Hospital. Participants will undergo a renal biopsy to analyze kidney tissue and determine the severity of kidney involvement. This diagnostic test helps classify the extent of renal affection in affected children. The study aims to gather detailed clinical information to better understand lupus nephritis in this pediatric population. During the study, researchers will monitor participants for remission of lupus nephritis over one year and assess progression to chronic kidney disease within the same timeframe. The study includes children from 0.08 months (approximately 2.5 days) up to 18 years old. Patient health and kidney function will be regularly evaluated to measure these outcomes and guide future care strategies.

Researchers are evaluating the accuracy of transcranial colour coded duplex compared with CT angiography in detecting arterial obstructions in patients who have experienced acute ischemic strokes or transient ischemic attacks. Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, often caused by atherosclerosis leading to vessel narrowing or blockage. This study focuses on intracranial stenosis, a condition that significantly contributes to stroke severity, especially in Egyptian populations where such data is limited. The study uses transcranial colour coded duplex, a non-invasive device that measures blood flow velocity and detects obstructions in intracranial arteries. This technique is compared to CT angiography, a standard imaging method, to assess its diagnostic accuracy in acute stroke cases. Transcranial Doppler is commonly used for real-time cerebral blood flow assessment but requires validation against contrast angiography due to operator variability. Participants will undergo both transcranial colour coded duplex and CT angiography scans to compare results. Researchers will measure the accuracy of the duplex method in identifying arterial blockages one year after enrolling one hundred cases. The study monitors cerebral blood flow and arterial obstructions, with safety measures addressing participants’ medical history and potential contraindications. The total duration includes initial assessments and follow-up for outcome evaluation.

Beta-thalassemias are inherited blood disorders causing chronic anemia with varying severity, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Patients with beta-thalassemia may be classified as transfusion-dependent or non-transfusion-dependent. This condition is especially common in regions like the Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and Eastern Europe. In Egypt, beta-thalassemia is a major cause of chronic blood loss, with about 1,000 new cases per 1.5 million live births annually. Bone marrow transplant is the only curative treatment but is limited by donor availability and cost, so most patients rely on regular blood transfusions alongside iron chelation therapy. This trial focuses on patients with beta-thalassemia receiving oral chelation therapy, specifically deferasirox, for at least one year. Patients typically receive regular blood transfusions every 2 to 5 weeks. The study monitors serum ferritin levels to assess adherence to the oral iron chelation treatment. Serum ferritin is measured as a diagnostic test to evaluate iron overload in these patients. Participants aged 2 to 18 years with confirmed beta-thalassemia major or intermedia and on regular transfusions are involved. The study tracks serum ferritin levels over a year to monitor treatment adherence. Patient safety and treatment effectiveness are indirectly assessed through these measurements. The study excludes patients younger than 2 or older than 18 years, those with other causes for transfusion, or those on deferoxamine therapy.

Researchers are evaluating the usefulness of combining the albumin to globulin ratio (AGR) and the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) to predict disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The goal is to create a simple, non-invasive, and cost-effective method to monitor disease activity by linking these nutritional and inflammatory markers with clinical symptoms and laboratory test results. Participants will undergo measurement of the albumin to globulin ratio and prognostic nutritional index as part of the study's diagnostic testing. This combined model is being assessed as a potential tool to predict disease activity in SLE patients. During the study, participants' AGR and PNI levels will be monitored over a period ranging from six months to one year. Researchers will evaluate these markers alongside clinical and laboratory findings to determine their reliability as indicators of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Researchers are evaluating functional outcomes after successful finger replantation in patients who have experienced traumatic digit amputations. The study aims to assess not only the physical restoration of the finger but also patient satisfaction and ability to perform daily activities. Various objective and subjective measures are used to understand the benefits of replantation beyond just saving the finger. The study focuses on patients who have undergone multiple digit replantations following traumatic injuries. Assessments include measuring grip strength, range of motion, finger flexion and extension, sensory recovery, pain intensity, and patient-reported disability scores. These evaluations occur at least six months after the replantation procedure to monitor recovery. Participants will undergo a series of physical tests and complete questionnaires to provide data on their finger function and pain levels. Researchers will measure range of motion, finger movement, grip and pinch strengths, and sensory recovery. Patient feedback on pain and disability using a standardized score will also be collected to fully understand the functional success of the replantation over time.

This research aims to explore the relationship between certain important blood indices and disease activity in children diagnosed with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The study also evaluates whether these blood markers can indicate chronic organ damage in these patients. Researchers calculate specific hematologic indices such as systemic inflammatory index, systemic inflammatory response index, and aggregate index of systemic inflammation, and then compare these with standard disease activity and chronic damage scores for juvenile SLE. Children with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus who meet established diagnostic criteria will have their blood indices measured and analyzed. These indices are then correlated with the patients' disease activity and chronic organ damage levels. The study does not involve any drug or device interventions but focuses on laboratory measurements and data analysis over a period of 3 to 6 months. Participants will undergo blood tests to calculate hematological indices and assessments of their disease activity and organ damage using validated clinical indices. Researchers will monitor changes and correlations between these blood markers and disease status during the study period. The main outcomes measured include the calculation of hematological indices and their correlation with disease activity and chronic damage over the 3 to 6 months follow-up.

Researchers are studying the role of Hypoxia Inducible Factor and Autophagy Related Genes in people with non-segmental vitiligo, a skin condition. The study focuses on how these factors might interact in the development of vitiligo among patients in Sohag Governorate, Egypt. The goal is to better understand the disease mechanisms by examining these genetic and cellular components. Participants will undergo a 5mm punch biopsy, where a small skin sample is taken after local anesthesia and disinfecting the area. This procedure allows researchers to analyze the presence and defects of the targeted genes in the skin. The study includes both patients with vitiligo and a control group without the condition. During the two-month study period, researchers will assess the activity of Autophagy Related Genes and Hypoxia Inducible Factor in the participants. They will collect and analyze biopsy samples to measure these factors. The study aims to provide insights into the disease process by comparing gene assessments between vitiligo patients and controls.

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder in children that often requires long-term treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). These drugs are processed by the liver but eliminated through the kidneys, which may impact kidney function over time. This study aims to evaluate kidney health in children with epilepsy by examining various kidney-related markers and the effects of prolonged AED use. The study observes pediatric epilepsy patients at Sohag University Hospital without administering any new treatments. It includes clinical assessments, blood tests measuring kidney and liver functions, urinalysis, EEG scans, and abdominal ultrasounds. The main focus is on measuring serum creatinine levels to assess kidney function at the time of enrollment. Participants will provide detailed medical histories, including seizure types, frequency, and current medications. Researchers will collect blood samples to analyze kidney function and explore links between kidney health and factors like age, sex, type of epilepsy, and duration of AED therapy. The study follows strict guidelines to ensure data quality and aims to improve understanding of kidney effects in children with epilepsy.

Thyroid dysfunction is a common hormone disorder that affects many people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those receiving dialysis. The condition occurs in 20% to 60% of dialysis patients and is important to monitor because thyroid hormones influence vital body functions. Problems with these hormones can lead to serious issues like heart disease, anemia, and lower quality of life in this group. The link between CKD and thyroid problems is complex, involving toxins in the body and increased inflammation that disrupt normal thyroid hormone production and balance. The study evaluates thyroid function in patients receiving hemodialysis at Sohag University Hospital by measuring thyroid hormone levels through blood tests called thyroid profiles. These tests will assess thyroid dysfunction in patients undergoing regular hemodialysis for at least three months. The research focuses on adults with end-stage renal disease who are on dialysis, with no additional treatments or interventions beyond the thyroid hormone testing. Participants will have their blood tested to measure thyroid hormone levels such as TSH, Free T3, and Free T4, with results tracked for up to six months from enrollment. Researchers will monitor how many patients show signs of thyroid dysfunction based on these hormone measurements. The study excludes those with pre-existing thyroid conditions or recent thyroid treatments to ensure accurate assessment of thyroid status related to dialysis. This monitoring aims to help understand thyroid health in this vulnerable population better.